Study of Biological Response to Regime Shifts and ENSO Events in the Peruvian Humboldt Current Ecosystem

首席研究人员和其他人提出，1997-1998年加州洋流生态系统(CCE)的制度转变产生了强烈的生物学反应，厄瓜多尔、秘鲁和智利附近的洪堡洋流生态系统(HCE)可能也会发生类似的变化。公安部将与一个熟悉海洋生态环境的国际科学家小组合作，主要根据秘鲁卡拉奥的秘鲁海洋研究所(IMARPE)在1983-2003年(声学鱼类分布)和1960-2003年(浮游动物和浮游植物网样本)期间定期和密集收集的声学调查和浮游动物和浮游植物网数据，分析现有数据。这个项目的主要目的是研究两个主要的中上层鱼类--凤尾鱼(Engraulis Ringens)和沙丁鱼(Sardinopsagax)为此，研究小组将测试关于这些物种的空间聚集和重叠、鱼类和浮游动物丰度和生物量分布在温暖和寒冷状态(以及厄尔尼诺和拉尼娜极端温度异常时期)期间预期变化的假设，以及凤尾鱼胃饱满和食物与猎物可获得性的关系。拟议活动产生的更广泛影响包括为管理世界上最重要的上升流系统渔业提供生物学基础。在秘鲁工作的协作和培训机会提供了一个很好的机会，可以用数据资源换取分析能力，并为IMARPE科学家的同行出版物提供更好的机会。

The principal investigator and others have suggested that there has been a strong biological response to the 1997-1998-regime shift in the California Current Ecosystem (CCE) and that analogous changes are likely in the Humboldt Current Ecosystem (HCE) off Ecuador, Peru and Chile. The PI will be collaborating with an international team of scientists familiar with the HCE to analyze available data, based primarily on acoustic survey and zooplankton and phytoplankton net data collected, regularly and intensively, by the Instituto del Mar del Peru (IMARPE) in Callao, Peru between 1983-2003 (for fish distributions from acoustics), and 1960-2003 (for zooplankton and phytoplankton net samples). The primary aim of this project is to examine the long-term pattern in distribution and abundance in the HCE of the two major pelagic fish species, Anchovy (Engraulis ringens), and Sardine (Sardinops sagax) and of the size distribution and abundance of zooplankton, and to determine their relationship to environmental factors (e.g. currents, temperature, bathymetry, eddy vorticity) and, for the fish, to their primary prey resource, zooplankton. To this end, the research team will test hypotheses concerning the spatial aggregation and overlap of these species, expected shifts in fish and zooplankton abundance and biomass distribution during warm and cold regimes (and the extreme temperature anomaly periods of El Nino and La Nina), and the relationship of anchovy stomach fullness and diet to prey availability. The broader impacts resulting from the proposed activity include providing a biological basis for management of the world's most important fisheries in upwelling systems. The collaboration and training opportunities for work in Peru fulfill a great opportunity to trade data resources for analysis capability and improved opportunity for peer publications by IMARPE scientists.