Collaborative Research: CEDAR: Mid-Latitude and Equatorial Electrodynamics and Severe Space Weather during the Communication/Navigation Outage Forecast System (C/NOFS) Era

调查人员将在秘鲁环卡约天文台操作一台全天成像仪，以观察空军C/NOFS(通信/导航中断预测系统)任务期间的二维气辉排放。该仪器包括一个带有全天镜头的电荷耦合器件(CCD)相机、远心光学元件和一个五位滤光轮。该天文台还包括一个名为SOFDI的干涉仪，即第二代优化法布里-珀罗多普勒成像仪，它已经开发出来，目前正在纽约州北部进行测试。它最终将被转移到环卡约，在那里它将提供白天和夜间的纬向风、经向风和垂直风的测量。这些数据将对理解F区发电机的发展和时间至关重要，它随后控制着午夜前等离子体不规则的形成，通常被称为赤道扩散F(ESF)。这些观测将与干涉和成像雷达系统协调，例如Jicamara射电观测站的系统，该系统提供对不规则动态特性的关键后向散射测量。Jicamara的非相干散射雷达将测量电离层参数，这对了解等离子体对不稳定的预条件至关重要。地面观测将加强C/NOF的科学和业务任务，即了解和预测电离层不规则性和闪烁。这些闪烁会扰乱通信和导航系统，因此这项研究的结果对空间天气业务预报具有重要意义。

The investigators will operate an all-sky imager at the Huancayo Observatory in Peru to observe two-dimensional airglow emissions during the Air Force C/NOFS (Communication/Navigation Outage Forecast System) mission. The instrument comprises a charge-coupled device (CCD) camera with an all-sky lens, telecentric optics, and a five-position filter wheel. The observatory also includes an interferometer called SOFDI, the Second-Generation Optimized Fabry-Perot Doppler Imager, which has been developed and is currently being tested in upstate New York. It will eventually be moved to Huancayo, where it will provide daytime and nighttime zonal, meridional, and vertical wind measurements. These data will be crucial for understanding the development and timing of the F-region dynamo, which subsequently controls the formation of pre-midnight plasma irregularities commonly referred to as equatorial spread F (ESF). The observations will be coordinated with interferometric and imaging radar systems such as those at the Jicamarca Radio Observatory, which provides crucial backscatter measurements of the dynamic properties of the irregularities. The incoherent scatter radar at Jicamarca will measure ionospheric parameters crucial for understanding the preconditioning of the plasma for instability. The ground-based observations will enhance the scientific and operation mission of C/NOFS, which is to understand and predict ionosphere irregularities and scintillations. These scintillations cause disruption of communication and navigation systems, so the results of this study are important for space weather operational forecasting.