Collaborative Research: Studies of Solar wind - Magnetosphere Interactions using Ground-based Induction Magnetometers at Manned Stations as Part of an Extensive Ground Array

拟议中的项目是一项合作努力的继续，该合作努力将操作和分析来自四个搜索线圈磁力计的数据，这些磁力计分别位于北美地区的高纬度地区，两个位于南极洲（南极和麦克默多），两个位于北极（格陵兰岛的sondrestrom峡湾和加拿大努纳武特的伊克鲁特）。南极和伊克卢特在近尖端纬度提供了紧密的磁共轭，而伊克卢特和sondrestrom峡湾在相似的北纬提供了数据，但当地时间间隔为1.5小时。在白天，这些位置为磁层边界和磁层与磁层的相互作用提供了一个窗口，在夜间，它们为亚暴活动的发展提供了一个越来越受欢迎的高纬度视角。该项目是美国空间天气研究工作的重要组成部分，并与加拿大和英国的补充工作相结合。自太空时代开始以来，人们为探索和了解地球的空间环境作出了越来越复杂的努力。科学家们现在对电离层和它上面的磁层的结构了解得很多，但是在我们完全了解从快速变化的太阳风（由太阳表面附近的静止和爆炸过程驱动）向地球的磁层、电离层和高层大气转移能量和动量的动力学过程之前，还有很多工作要做。人们日益认识到，这样做需要协调使用多种数据集，包括各种单独的航天器和战略位置的地面观测站。由于地球磁场最远到达太空的部分在高纬度地区与地面相交，地面磁力计阵列长期以来一直是监测磁层偏远地区过程的重要手段。在这个项目的三年里，科学工作将集中在几类波的研究上，包括在北极观测到的所谓的“地幔波”；脉动的传播和准周期辐射的产生，以及短周期和长周期不规则特低频（ULF）波的研究，特别是在磁暴期间。与获得这些数据集相关的分析和数据处理工作非常适合本科生和研究生的研究参与，并建立在教师和本科生研究的强大计划之上。

The proposed project is the continuation of a cooperative effort to operate and analyze data from four search coil magnetometers located at high latitude sites in the North American sector, two in Antarctica (South Pole and McMurdo) and two in the Arctic (Sondrestromfjord, Greenland, and Iqaluit, Nunavut, Canada). South Pole and Iqaluit provide close magnetic conjugacy at near-cusp latitudes, while Iqaluit and Sondrestromfjord provide data at similar northern latitudes but with a local time separation of 1.5 hours. During daytime hours these locations provide a window to the magnetospheric boundary and the interactions of the magnetosheath with the magnetosphere, and during nighttime hours they provide an increasingly appreciated high-latitude perspective on the development of substorm activity. This project is a significant component of the U.S. space weather research effort, and is integrated with complementary Canadian and British efforts.Since the beginning of the space age increasingly sophisticated efforts have been made to explore and understand Earth's space environment. Scientists now understand much about the configuration of the ionosphere and the region above it, the magnetosphere, but much remains to be done before we fully understand the dynamical processes involved in transferring energy and momentum from the rapidly changing solar wind (driven by both quiescent and explosive processes near the surface of the Sun) into Earth's magnetosphere, ionosphere, and upper atmosphere. It is increasingly understood that doing so requires the coordinated use of multiple data sets, including both a variety of individual spacecraft and strategically located ground observatories. Because those parts of Earth's field that reach farthest out into space intersect the ground at high latitudes, arrays of ground magnetometers have long been a valued means of monitoring processes in remote parts of the magnetosphere. In the three years of this project, scientific efforts will focus on studies of several classes of waves, including so-called "mantle waves" observed poleward of the cusp; on the propagation of pulsations and the generation of quasiperiodic emissions, and studies of both short-period and long-period irregular ultra low-frequency (ULF) waves, especially during magnetic storm periods. Analysis and data processing efforts associated with obtaining these data sets are highly suitable for undergraduate as well as graduate research participation, and build on strong programs of faculty and undergraduate student research.