National Science Foundation Alan T. Waterman Award

摘自2005年3月30日国家科学委员会全体执行闭门会议纪要批准2005年艾伦·t·沃特曼奖议程项目3：荣誉奖美国国家科学基金会（NSF）主任阿登·贝门特（Arden Bement）报告说，艾伦·t·沃特曼奖委员会推荐纽约大学社会学和公共政策教授、高级社会科学研究中心主任道尔顿·康利（Dalton Conley）博士获得2005年艾伦·t·沃特曼奖。道尔顿博士将是第二位获得这一奖项的社会科学家。沃特曼奖的第一个社会科学获奖者是1987年的劳伦斯·h·萨默斯博士。董事会在考虑了Alan T. Waterman奖委员会的候选人后，一致批准了向Dalton Conley博士颁发第30届Alan T. Waterman奖的建议。新闻发布05- 057纽约大学的道尔顿·康利是第一位获得美国国家科学基金会沃特曼奖的社会学家成长过程给予了科学家观察文化和兄弟不平等的特殊视角艾伦·t·沃特曼奖荣誉及大图2005年4月27日当道尔顿·康利在纽约东区的一个社区长大时，他意识到作为一个具有中产阶级价值观的白人男性的社会优势，尽管他的家庭很穷，他的邻居主要是非洲裔和拉丁裔美国人。“一开始，我有一种强烈的种族意识。在那个年龄，阶级差异似乎对我没有太大影响，我也不确定我们是否有阶级语言，”纽约大学著名社会学家康利说。“但我确实知道，作为一个占主导地位的种族群体，我有很多优势。”今天，支持几乎所有科学和工程领域基础研究的独立联邦机构美国国家科学基金会（NSF）承认康利是美国最优秀的年轻社会学家之一。35岁的康利将获得第30届艾伦·沃特曼奖（Alan T. Waterman Award），该奖项以NSF首任主任的名字命名。这是社会学家首次获得这一荣誉，该奖项的研究奖金为50万美元。在大学期间，康利对免疫学的兴趣被他对更广泛的社会难题的更大渴望所取代，比如社会经济地位和优势是如何代代相传的，以及社会不平等是如何通过财富转移、出生时的健康和地位、种族构成和随时间变化的家庭环境等机制再现的。从那以后，他一直以直接和通俗的风格研究、写作和出版开创性的作品，这提高了他在学术界同行中的影响力，并引起了政策制定者的注意。”康利的工作是美国国家科学基金会大力支持的那种研究的缩影，”美国国家科学基金会主任阿登·l·贝门特说。“他的研究充满了新的和未经尝试的想法，为解决社会基本问题开辟了一条创造性的道路。他直接而雄辩地传达了他的发现，触及了不同的受众，通过这样做，开辟了新的兴趣和研究途径，更不用说他让政府决策者保持警觉了。去年，身为纽约大学社会科学研究中心主任的康利出版了《啄食秩序》（the Pecking Order）一书，《华盛顿邮报》（Washington Post）称这本书“清晰而具有挑衅性”，它解释了家庭中收入、性别、健康和出生顺序的力量是如何导致不平等的“错综复杂的网络”，从而形成了一个家庭自己的啄食秩序。康利说：“我们喜欢把家庭看作严酷世界中的避风港——一个公平竞争的环境。”“但它实际上更像是一个不断冒泡的不平等大锅。”美国国家科学基金会（NSF）的一项教师早期职业奖支持了康利四年的研究，这本书和其他相关论文都是基于这项研究。康利还写了其他几本书，包括《身为黑人，生活在红色中》，他在书中指出，自民权运动时代以来的阶级动态——特别是家庭财富水平——似乎是在从教育成功到依赖福利的可能性等生活领域持续存在的种族差异的基础。然而，康利认为，种族仍然决定着财富水平。他认为这是他最好的作品。他说：“有一个非常清晰、简单的研究设计，清楚地显示了种族和健康差异的遗传如何表现为具有长期影响的阶级差异。”康利的书《起跑门：出生体重和生命机会》通过展示生物和社会因素如何结合起来产生家庭成员不同的生命机会结果，扩展了“先天还是后天”的讨论。这是一个“基因不是一切”的论点，它考虑了多种因果力量的相互作用，而不管它们的起源如何。例如，一个家庭的经济资源有时可以抵消生物遗传的影响，导致对真正“处于危险”的社会阶层，即那些既面临生物不利条件又面临社会不利条件的人产生不同的政策影响。康利说：“我一直被经验难题和其他需要解决的理论问题所驱使。每一本书或每一篇文章似乎都指向另一块拼图。另一方面，我也对更大规模的研究感兴趣，比如整合基因和社会研究。我对大规模的政策问题感兴趣，做大规模的社会干预实验，使用控制组，这与社会和经济政策相吻合。-NSF-媒体联系方式william C. Noxon, NSF (703) 292-7750 wnoxon@nsf.govProgram联系方式susan Fannoney， NSB (703) 292-8096 sfannone@nsf.govRelated网站有关沃特曼奖的更多信息，请参见：http://www.nsf.gov/nsb/awards/waterman/waterman.htm#informationForhttp://www.nyu.edu/public.affairs/releases/detail/637The美国国家科学基金会（NSF）是一个独立的联邦机构，支持所有科学和工程领域的基础研究和教育，年度预算近54.7亿美元。美国国家科学基金会通过向近2000所大学和研究机构提供赠款，资助了所有50个州。每年，国家科学基金会收到大约4万份竞争性资助申请，并颁发大约1.1万个新的资助奖项。NSF每年还授予超过2亿美元的专业和服务合同。通过电子邮件发送和通知系统MyNSF（以前的定制新闻服务）接收官方NSF电子新闻。订阅请访问www.nsf.gov/mynsf/并填写“新用户”下面的信息。有用的NSF网站：NSF主页：http://www.nsf.govNSF新闻：http://www.nsf.gov/news/For新闻媒体：http://www.nsf.gov/news/newsroom.jspScience和工程统计：http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/Awards搜索：http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/网站政策和链接|隐私|信息自由法|帮助|联系NSF |联系网站管理员|站点地图美国国家科学基金会，4201威尔逊大道，阿灵顿，弗吉尼亚州22230，USATel:(703) 292-5111, FIRS: (800) 877-8339 | TDD：（800） 281-8749最后更新：2005年4月27日

Excerpt from Plenary Executive Closed Session minutes of the March 30, 2005 National Science Board MeetingApproval of 2005 Alan T. Waterman AwardeeAGENDA ITEM 3: HONORARY AWARDSAlan T. Waterman AwardDr. Arden Bement, NSF Director, reported that the Alan T. Waterman Award Committee recommended Dr. Dalton Conley, Professor of Sociology and Public Policy and Director of the Center for Advanced Social Sciences Research at New York University, be given the 2005 Alan T. Waterman Award. Dr. Dalton would be the second social scientist to receive this award. The first social science recipient of the Waterman Award was Dr. Lawrence H. Summers in 1987.The Board, having considered the candidate of the Alan T. Waterman Award Committee, unanimously APPROVED the recommendation to present the 30th Alan T. Waterman Award to Dr. Dalton Conley. Press Release 05-067NYU's Dalton Conley is the First Sociologist to Win NSF's Waterman AwardGrowing-up years gives scientist special lens on cultural and sibling inequalitiesAlan T. Waterman Award Credit and Larger VersionApril 27, 2005When he was growing up in a New York City East Side neighborhood, Dalton Conley recognized the societal advantages of being a white male with middle-class values, even though his family was poor and his neighborhood was predominantly African-American and Latino."At first, I had a heightened racial awareness. Class differences did not appear to have much impact on me at that age, and I'm not sure we had a language of class," Conley, a prominent New York University sociologist, says. "But I did come to know the advantages that came to me because of being in a dominant racial group."Today, the National Science Foundation (NSF), the independent federal agency that supports fundamental research across nearly all fields of science and engineering, recognized Conley as one of the nation's top young sociologists. The 35-year-old Conley will receive the 30th annual Alan T. Waterman Award, named for NSF's first director. It is the first time a sociologist has received the honor, which carries a $500,000 research award.During college, Conley's interest in immunology was overtaken by his greater desire to understand broader societal puzzles, such as how socioeconomic status and advantage is transmitted through generations and how social inequality is reproduced by mechanisms such as wealth transfer, health and status at birth, racial makeup and changing family circumstances over time. He has been studying, writing and publishing ground-breaking works ever since in a direct and popular style that has heightened his impact among academic peers and raised the attention of policy makers."Dr. Conley's work is the epitome of the kind of research that NSF vigorously supports," said Arden L. Bement, Jr., NSF director. "His research is filled with new and untried ideas, carved into a creative path toward solving fundamental questions of society. He communicates his findings directly and eloquently, reaches varied audiences, and by so doing, opens new avenues of interest and study, not to mention he keeps government policy makers on their toes."Last year, Conley, who is the director for NYU's Center for Social Science Research, published The Pecking Order, a book the Washington Post called "lucid and provocative" in its explanation of how the forces of income, gender, health and birth order in families result in "a tangled web" of inequalities that create a family's own pecking order."We like to think of the family as a haven in harsh world - a level playing field," Conley said. "But it's really more like a bubbling cauldron of inequality."An NSF Faculty Early Career Award supported Conley's four-year study upon which the book, and other relatated papers, are based.Conley has written several other books, including Being Black, Living in the Red, in which he shows that class dynamics since the Civil Rights era - specifically family wealth levels - appear to be the basis of persistent racial differences in areas of life ranging from educational success to the likelihood of relying on welfare. Race, however, continues to determine wealth levels, Conley argues. He believes it was his best work."There was a very clear, simple study design that clearly showed how the inheritance of race and health differences manifest themselves into class differences that have long-lasting consequences," he said.Conley's book, The Starting Gate: Birth Weight and Life Chances, extends the "nature-or-nurture" discussion by showing how biological and social factors combine to produce different life-chance outcomes of family members. It is a "genes aren't everything" argument that takes into account the interplay of multiple causal forces, regardless of their origination. For example, economic resources of a family can sometimes counteract biologically inherited effects, leading to different policy implications for truly "at risk" segments of society, that is, those who face both biological and social disadvantages."I'm driven by empirical puzzles and other theoretical problems to solve," Conley says. "Each book or article seems to lead to another piece of the puzzle. On the other hand, I'm also interested in larger-scale studies, integrating genetic and social research, for example. I'm interested in large-scale policy questions, doing large-scale, social-intervention experiments, using control groups, which dovetail into social and economic policy.'-NSF-Media ContactsWilliam C. Noxon, NSF (703) 292-7750 wnoxon@nsf.govProgram ContactsSusan Fannoney, NSB (703) 292-8096 sfannone@nsf.govRelated WebsitesFor more information on the Waterman Award, see: http://www.nsf.gov/nsb/awards/waterman/waterman.htm#informationFor more information on Dr. Conley's work at NYU,: http://www.nyu.edu/nyutoday/archives/18/11R/Stories/conley.htmlNYU Press Release: http://www.nyu.edu/public.affairs/releases/detail/637The National Science Foundation (NSF) is an independent federal agency that supports fundamental research and education across all fields of science and engineering, with an annual budget of nearly $5.47 billion. NSF funds reach all 50 states through grants to nearly 2,000 universities and institutions. Each year, NSF receives about 40,000 competitive requests for funding, and makes about 11,000 new funding awards. The NSF also awards over $200 million in professional and service contracts yearly.Receive official NSF news electronically through the e-mail delivery and notification system, MyNSF (formerly the Custom News Service). To subscribe, visit www.nsf.gov/mynsf/ and fill in the information under "new users".Useful NSF Web Sites:NSF Home Page: http://www.nsf.govNSF News: http://www.nsf.gov/news/For the News Media: http://www.nsf.gov/news/newsroom.jspScience and Engineering Statistics: http://www.nsf.gov/statistics/Awards Searches: http://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/ Website Policies and Links | Privacy | FOIA | Help | Contact NSF | Contact Web Master | SiteMap The National Science Foundation, 4201 Wilson Boulevard, Arlington, Virginia 22230, USATel: (703) 292-5111, FIRS: (800) 877-8339 | TDD: (800) 281-8749 Last Updated: April 27, 2005 Text Only