Algorithm Design for Motion Simulation of the Human Musculoskeletal System

人体肌肉骨骼系统运动仿真的设计Ronald Fedkiw，斯坦福大学计算机科学系也许最有价值的科学研究集中在人类及其优缺点上，例如考虑运动和疾病。计算机最近已经发展到可以开始在模拟环境中模拟人类的水平。人们可以研究虚拟人模型，而不是人类本身，为新的研究和发现打开闸门，这可能对日常生活产生深远的影响。不幸的是，研究人员仍然严重缺乏对计算机进行编程以执行这些类型的模拟的方法。该建议的重点是构建这些数值方法，特别关注那些与人体运动。针对生物力学，应用areasthat将受益于这项研究包括：汽车碰撞假人，手术规划，计算机图形学和娱乐业的动画人类，人体工程学研究模型，教育等。人体运动模拟是一个跨学科研究的范例，需要结合计算机图形学和生物力学的知识，以准确地模拟与基于物理的肌肉骨骼系统。这项工作解决了需要新的算法，以继续产生人类运动的进步。生物力学和医学需要虚拟肌肉骨骼系统，以测试医疗设备和外科手术。有了这样一个模型，假肢和其他外骨骼型设备，以帮助截瘫和四肢瘫痪者行走可以测试和完善，而不会危及人类。然而，为了实现这些技术，需要在用于模拟人类肌肉骨骼系统和控制其运动的算法方面取得重大进展。除了用于精确表示肌肉骨骼系统的组成部分（例如骨骼、肌肉、皮肤、肌腱）的算法之外，还需要对这些组成部分如何彼此交互以及如何与环境交互以生成人类运动的动态进行建模的算法。

lgorithm Design for Motion Simulation of the Human Musculoskeletal SystemRonald Fedkiw, Stanford Computer Science DepartmentPossibly the most rewarding scientific studies focus on human beings and their strengths and weakness, for example consider sports and illness. Computers have recently evolved to the level where they can start being used to model human beings in a simulated environment. One can study virtual human models as opposed to humans themselves, opening the floodgates for new research and discovery that is likely to have a profound effect on everyday lives. Unfortunately, researchers are still severely lacking methods for programming computers to carry out these types of simulations. This proposal is focused on constructing these numerical methods, with a particular focuson those related to human motion. Targeting biomechanics, application areasthat will benefit from this research include: automobile crash dummies, surgical planning, animated humans for computer graphics and the entertainment industry, models for ergonomics studies, education, etc.Simulation of human motion is a paradigm of cross-disciplinary studies, requiring combined knowledge of computer graphics and biomechanics in order to simulate accurately with a physics-based musculoskeletal system. This work addresses the need for new algorithms to continue generating advances in human motion. Biomechanics and medicine are in need of virtual musculoskeletal systems in order to test medical devices and surgical procedures. With such a model, prosthetics and other exoskeleton-type equipment to help paraplegics and quadriplegics walk could be tested and refined without endangering humans. However, to enable these technologies, significant advances in the algorithms used to simulate the human musculoskeletal system and control its locomotion are needed. In addition to algorithms for accurately representing the components of the musculoskeletal system such as bone, muscles, skins, tendons, algorithms are needed to model the dynamics of how those components interact with each other and the environment to generate human movement.