Minimum energy requirements for quantum logic

这项拟议研究的目标是澄清在物理系统中执行量子比特逻辑运算所需能量的所有量子力学约束之间的关系，确定是否存在普遍适用的特定标度或最终限制；如果是，则确定其形式。需要强调的关键要求是，用于打开和关闭相互作用的系统是量子力学的。拟议的研究有两个方面，一个是实用的，一个是基础的。从实践的角度来看，确定量子力学允许的最终能量/精度权衡的形式将对量子计算界有用。从基本的观点来看，正在研究的问题是在什么情况下可以使用一个量子系统对另一个耦合的系统进行近似的么正运算。最小能量要求在某种程度上可以被视为量化了控制系统必须近似经典的程度。这是一个基本的问题，可以追溯到量子力学的基础时代。

The goals of the proposed research are to clarify the relationships between all the quantum mechanical constraints on the energy needed to carry out qubit logical operations in physicalsystems, to determine whether there is a particular scaling, or ultimate limit, that appliesuniversally; and, if so, to ascertain its form. The key requirement to be emphasized is that thesystem used to switch the interaction on and off be quantum mechanical. There are two aspects to the proposed research, one practical, and one fundamental. From a practical viewpoint, it would be useful to the quantum computing community to determine the form of the ultimate energy/accuracy tradeoff allowed by quantum mechanics. From a fundamental viewpoint, the question being investigated is under what circumstances one can use a quantum system to carry out approximately a unitary operation on another, coupled, system.The minimum-energy requirement may be seen as quantifying, in some way, the degree to whichthe control system must be approximately classical. This is a question of basic interest whichgoes back to the foundational days of quantum mechanics.