Low-Energy Optical Spectroscopy as a Probe of Structure-Property Relations in Organic Solids

这项工作将有助于更好和更详细地了解新型有机材料的基本物理和化学。这些材料包括超导体、碳笼和碳管结构，它们是纳米材料研究的前沿。光谱学技术将用于研究这些系统在强磁场、变温度和化学改性下的存在，目的是阐明材料的物理性质如何与它们的化学成分和结构相关。开发这种详细的理解对于能够设计出具有专门定制性能的新材料以用于电子和许多其他领域至关重要。这项工作跨越了化学、物理、材料科学和工程的界限，并涉及与许多国内和国际科学家的合作。科学的广度为参与这项工作的学生和博士后研究人员提供了独特而重要的教育经验，因为他们进行研究，发表研究成果，并在各种国内和国际会议上发表研究成果，为他们未来在工业，政府实验室和学术界的就业做好准备。研究成果也将被纳入研究生和本科生的不同层次的课堂，作为例子和案例研究，直接将学生正在学习的基本概念与先进材料的发展联系起来。化学部和材料研究部支持这个项目。技术摘要提出的工作是一个多方面的，但在复杂的有机材料的光谱学强集成程序的一部分。它专注于理解模型有机材料的局部结构和功能的物理和化学调谐，包括层状超导体，小碳笼和内嵌富勒烯，分子阶梯状化合物和碳纳米管。目标是将低能谱响应的丰富特征与电荷、磁性和结构的局部和空间方面联系起来。通过在各种模型材料中研究这些效应，可以更好地理解块体性质，如超导性、负热膨胀、掺杂诱导的金属-绝缘体转变，以及复杂有机固体中对称破缺、电荷有序和主客体相互作用的微观方面。高级有机固体领域跨越了化学、物理、材料科学和工程的学科界限。同时，所提出的工作将促进青年在材料光谱学领域的教育。这种人力资源开发是这项工作最重要的目标之一。

Non-Technical AbstractThis work will help develop a better and more detailed understanding of the basic physics and chemistry of novel organic materials. Such materials include superconductors and carbon cage and tube structures, which are at the cutting edge of work in nanomaterials. Spectroscopic techniques will be used to study these systems in the presence of strong magnetic fields, variable temperature, and chemical modification, with the goal of elucidating how the physical properties of the materials relate to their chemical composition and structure. Developing this type of detailed understanding is critical to being able to engineer new materials with specifically tailored properties for use in electronics and many other areas. This work cuts across the boundaries of chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering, and involves collaborations with many national and international scientists. The scientific breadth provides the students and postdoctoral research associates participating in this work with a unique and important educational experience as they carry out the research, publish it, and present it at a variety of national and international meetings, preparing them for future employment in industry, government laboratories, and academics. Research results will also be incorporated into the graduate and undergraduate classrooms at various levels, as examples and case studies that directly connect the basic concepts the students are studying with developments in advanced materials. The Chemistry Division and the Division of Materials Research are supporting this project.Technical AbstractThe proposed work is part of a multifaceted but strongly integrated program in the spectroscopy of complex organic materials. It concentrates on understanding physical and chemical tuning of local structure and functionality in model organic materials including layered superconductors, small carbon cage and endohedral fullerenes, molecular ladder-like compounds, and carbon nanotubes. The goal is to connect the rich features in the low-energy spectral response with local and spatial aspects of charge, magnetism, and structure. By studying these effects in a variety of model materials, a better understanding of bulk properties such as superconductivity, negative thermal expansion, and doping-induced metal-insulator transitions as well as microscopic aspects of symmetry-breaking, charge-ordering, and guest-host interactions in complex organic solids will emerge. The field of advanced organic solids cuts across the disciplinary boundaries of chemistry, physics, materials science, and engineering. At the same time, the proposed work will advance the education of young people in the area of materials spectroscopy. Such human resource development is one of the most important goals of this work.