Theory and Source-Modeling of Gravitational Waves and Quantum-Optical Noise in Advanced Detectors

该奖项支持一个理论计划：（i）对天体物理源（特别是致密双星和宇宙源）发射的引力波信号进行精确预测，（ii）使用这些预测设计可靠的模板，并使用它们来搜索LIGO探测器的引力波;（iii）探索和构思未来在标准量子极限及以下运作的GW探测器的新光学配置。广义相对论的研究将使用后牛顿技术，以更准确地预测动力学和GW信号的进动，自旋和偏心致密双星。唯象学和数据分析研究是LIGO实验和理论的接口，将利用广义相对论研究的结果来实现和测试（用真实的数据）唯象学和物理模板的性能，研究致密双星的参数估计，开发自旋进动双星、偏心双星和低质量X射线双星的数据分析算法。它还将研究LIGO和Advanced LIGO对早期宇宙引力波的可及性。在LIGO实验和高精度测量理论之间的接口研究将研究影响LIGO探测器的噪声源，并提出控制或绕过它们的技术。研究的主要噪声源和方法有：Advanced LIGO信号回收腔中的光损耗;信号再循环干涉仪中的光机械不稳定性，先进LIGO和未来引力波探测器中的量子光学噪声以及量子控制理论和量子非破坏技术。支持研究的主要目标是帮助激光干涉引力波天文台（LIGO）成功探测引力波。这项研究将对LIGO探测引力波产生影响，提高从观测到的波中提取波携带的独特信息的能力，测试广义相对论的基本方程，并通过为越来越灵敏的探测器提供设计，为推动该领域向GW天文学发展做出贡献。此外，该研究将通过支持研究生和博士后来培养年轻的理论物理学家。

This award supports a theoretical program (i) to make precise predictions of the gravitational wave signal emitted by astrophysical sources, notably compact binaries, and cosmological sources, (ii) to use these predictions to design reliable templates and employ them for the search of gravitational waves with LIGO detectors and (iii) to explore and conceive new optical configurations of future GW detectors operating at and below the standard quantum limit.The research in general relativity will use post-Newtonian techniques to predict more accurately the dynamics and the GW signals for precessing, spinning, and eccentric compact binaries. The research in phenomenology and data-analysis, at the interface between LIGO experiment and theory, will use results from the general relativistic research to implement and test (with real data) the performance of phenomenological and physical templates, study the estimation of parameters for compact binaries, develop data analysis algorithms for spinning precessing binaries, eccentric binaries and low-mass X-ray binaries. It will also investigate the accessibility of LIGO andAdvanced LIGO to gravitational waves from the early Universe. The research at the interface between the LIGO experiment and high-precision measurement theory will study noise sources that affect LIGO detectors and propose techniques to control or go around them. The major sources of noise and methods to be investigated are: optical losses in signal-recycling cavity for Advanced LIGO; opto-mechanical instability in signal-recycled interferometers, quantum-optical noise in Advanced LIGO and future gravitational wave detectors and quantum control theory and quantumnon-demolition techniques.The main goal of the supported research is to help the Laser Interferometer Gravitational Wave Observatory (LIGO) to succeed in detecting gravitational waves. The research will have an impact on detecting gravitational waves with LIGO, improve the ability to extract from observed waves unique information that the waves carry, test fundamental equations of general relativity and, by providing designs for more and more sensitive detectors, contribute in driving the field toward GW astronomy. In addition, the research will train young theoretical physicists through support forgraduate students and postdocs.