Aliphatic amines in the tropical marine environment: Sources, budgets and phase partitioning phase II

在海洋环境中的亚微米颗粒物中的脂肪胺的检测表明，有机盐的形成过程可能是二次有机气溶胶（SOA）的形成显着的重要性。此外，有人建议，小和高挥发性胺可以在海洋环境中的氮和碳循环的贡献不可忽略的金额。然而，它们在大气化学中的作用，确切的生物起源和形成过程仍然不是很清楚。ALAMARE的主要目的是检测海洋环境中的脂肪胺。通过结合大量的海水，气体和颗粒相胺的测量，我们打算获得它们的起源和倾向转化为颗粒相的信息。此外，该项目旨在通过实地测量提高我们对生物生产力和胺排放之间关系的理解。在ALAMARE期间，气溶胶样品中胺分析的第一个结果提供了海洋气溶胶颗粒全年胺丰度的大数据集（2012年和2013年）。发现了胺与藻类色素和大气中胺丰度之间的相关性，这些结果表明需要在ALAMARE II中对有关重要生物、化学和气象参数的胺丰度进行全面表征。然而，在ALAMARE期间，没有成功建立海水中胺的分析方法。高盐含量和微量浓度的胺丰度需要进一步的方法开发，这将是ALAMARE II的主要重点。三个有前途的分析技术是可用的，并提供了一个成功的分析海水中的脂肪胺的可能性很高。我们会采用最合适的方法分析在ALAMARE的密集活动中取得的海水样品，而该方法所耗用的溶剂亦较少，所需的样品亦较少。最后的综合数据解释的脂肪胺在海洋舱海水（海面微层和散装水），气溶胶和气相，将有助于了解相分配的胺，并提供新的见解胺在海洋环境中的作用。

The detection of aliphatic amines in sub-micrometer particles in the marine environment suggests that organic salt formation processes may be of significant importance for secondary organic aerosol (SOA) formation. Moreover, it is suggested that small and highly volatile amines can contribute non-negligible amounts to the nitrogen and carbon cycle in the marine environment. However, their roles in atmospheric chemistry, exact biogenic origins and the formation process are still not well known. Main aim of ALAMARE is the detection of aliphatic amines in the marine environment. By combining bulk ocean water, gas and particle phase amine measurements, we intend to obtain information of their origins and tendency to convert into the particle phase. Furthermore, the project aims on improving our understandings of the connection between the bio-productivity and the amine emission through the field measurements.During ALAMARE first results of amine analysis in aerosol samples deliver a big data set of year round abundance of amines on marine aerosol particles (years 2012 and 2013). A correlation of amines to algae pigments and amine abundance in the atmosphere was found. These results give rise to the need for a comprehensive characterisation of amine abundance regarding important biological, chemical and meteorological parameters parameters that will be performed within ALAMARE II. During ALAMARE no successful method for amine analysis in seawater could however be established. The high salt content and amine abundance in trace level concentrations require a further method development that will be the main focus of ALAMARE II. Three promising analytical techniques are available and deliver a high possibility for a successful analysis of aliphatic amines in seawater. The most suitable method, also in terms of little solvent consumption and requiring a low amount of sample, will be employed to analyse the seawater samples obtained during the intensive campaigns of ALAMARE. The final comprehensive data interpretation of aliphatic amines in the marine compartments seawater (sea surface microlayer and bulkwater), aerosol and gas phase, will help to understand phase partitioning of the amines and provide new insights in the role of amines in the marine environment.