GeoInformatics: Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc (CUAHSI) Hydrologic Information Systems

该提案通过开发可在美国各地大学实施的水文信息系统来推进综合水文科学。它涉及水文科学促进大学联盟（CUAHSI）代表的水文科学家与圣地亚哥超级计算机中心的计算机科学家之间的合作。该提案支持NSF为环境和地球科学开发网络基础设施的更大战略。CUAHSI水文信息系统（HIS）是地理上分布的水文数据源和功能网络，使用web服务将其集成在一起，使它们作为一个连接的整体运行。我们称这种信息流为WaterOneFlow，因为它整合了国家水数据档案和当地公布的水文数据，并使水文科学家可以直接访问它们，几乎就像数据位于本地磁盘驱动器上一样。WaterOneFlow并不局限于数据科学工作流系统，它可以将水文模型模块化，使其能够作为web服务发布，包含在处理序列中，并作为信息源远程操作。这种科学工作流程和网络服务的结合可以彻底改变水文建模。因此，水文数据和模型的分布式网络通过互联网连接起来，共同支持水文科学和教育的进步。该项目的智力优势在于，它利用信息技术，通过建立一个具有连贯的智力结构和综合来自许多学科和数据源的数据的信息模型来支持水文科学。该信息模型构成了分布式、面向服务的水文信息系统的基础，该系统已在HIS第1阶段原型化，并将在HIS第2阶段更新项目中进行开发。该系统能够追踪大气、地表水和地下水之间的水运动和成分的垂直运输，以及从流域和含水层到溪流、河流、河口和海湾的横向景观。它集成了跨越空间和时间尺度的数据。他将能够以现在很少尝试的方式和规模检验关于水文过程之间界面的假设，并根据比以前可能的更多的资料。CUAHSI认为这是水文学科学面临的核心挑战。这一努力也代表了对水文科学领域专业知识与网络基础设施技术知识融合的智力投资。这个项目更广泛的影响包括使许多大学的水文科学家联网，他们将共同提供和接收水文信息。国家水文信息中心水文信息系统及其附带的数据集将在公共领域开发，供专业水文学界和各级教育工作者使用。该项目开发的水文信息系统对水文科学具有重要意义，同时也展示了如何为地球和环境科学开发网络基础设施。相关的NSF环境观测站项目，包括OOI/ORION、NEON、LTER和CLEANER，正密切关注着CUAHSI HIS小组的网络基础设施发展。此外，统一全国水信息的目标对水管理、工程和规划具有广泛的价值，而CUAHSI HIS是帮助联邦水机构的数据交付服务充分发挥其潜力的一种手段。该项目还包括与纳瓦霍国家水资源计划的合作，以帮助整合和发布他们的水资源信息。在计算机行业，清华大学HIS系统作为建立分布式信息系统的典范而受到关注，该系统集成了科学原理，有助于更好地管理我们的国家。

This proposal advances integrative hydrologic science through the development of a hydrologic information system that can be implemented at universities throughout the United States. It involves collaboration between hydrologic scientists represented through the Consortium of Universities for the Advancement of Hydrologic Science, Inc (CUAHSI), and computer scientists from the San Diego Supercomputer Center. This proposal supports a larger strategy at NSF to develop cyberinfrastructure for the environmental and earth sciences. The CUAHSI Hydrologic Information System (HIS) is a geographically distributed network of hydrologic data sources and functions that are integrated using web services so that they function as a connected whole. We call this information stream WaterOneFlow, since it integrates the national water data archives with locally published hydrologic data, and makes them directly accessible to hydrologic scientists, almost as if the data were located on a local disk drive. WaterOneFlow is not limited to data scientific workflow systems are used to modularize hydrologic models, enabling them to be published as web services, included in processing sequences, and operated remotely as information sources. This combination of scientific workflows and web services can revolutionize hydrologic modeling. Thus, a distributed network of hydrologic data and models are connected across the internet and collectively support the advancement of hydrologic science and education.The intellectual merit of this project is that it harnesses information technology to support hydrologic science by building an information model that has a coherent intellectual structure and synthesizes data from many disciplines and data sources. This information model forms the basis for a distributed service-oriented hydrologic information system that has been prototyped in HIS Phase 1 and will be developed in this renewal project, HIS Phase 2. This system enables the tracing of water movement and transport of constituents vertically between the atmosphere, surface water and groundwater, and horizontally through the landscape from watersheds and aquifers to streams, rivers, estuaries and bays. It integrates data across scales of space and time. HIS will enable the testing of hypotheses about the interfaces between hydrologic processes in a manner and scale that is rarely attempted now, and based on more information than has been previously possible. CUAHSI has identified this as a central challenge facing hydrologic science. This effort also represents an intellectual investment into the merging of hydrologic science domain expertise with cyberinfrastructure technology knowledge.The broader impacts of this project include its networking of hydrologic scientists at many universities who will jointly be contributing and receiving hydrologic information. The CUAHSI hydrologic information system and its accompanying datasets will be developed in the public domain and available to the professional hydrology community, and to educators at all levels. The hydrologic information system developed in this project is significant for hydrologic science and also in showing how cyberinfrastructure is developed for earth and environmental sciences. Related NSF Environmental Observatory initiatives including OOI/ORION, NEON, LTER, and CLEANER are closely following the cyberinfrastructure developments of the CUAHSI HIS group. Moreover, the goal of uniting the nation's water information has wide value for water management, engineering and planning, and the CUAHSI HIS is a means of helping the data delivery services of the Federal water agencies live up to their full potential. The project also includes a partnership with the Navajo Nation water resources program to help integrate and publish their water information. In the computer industry, CUAHSI HIS has received attention as an example of building distributed information systems that integrate scientific principles for helping better manage our nation.