IPY: Bacterioplankton Genomic Adaptations to Antarctic Winter

南极西部半岛正经历着地球上气候变暖最快的速度之一，50年来冬季平均气温上升了50摄氏度。对上层营养层的影响是显而易见的，尽管很少有研究考虑到对南大洋浮游细菌的影响。该提案将描述冬季浮游细菌基因组，转录组和蛋白质组，并发现这些功能（社区组成，基因上调，蛋白质表达）是必不可少的冬季浮游细菌的生存和生计。我们已经组建了一个极地海洋生态学和基因组学网络，包括与英国南极调查局海洋宏基因组计划Palmer LTER的战略合作伙伴关系，研究北冰洋基因组的美国和加拿大科学家，专门从事古细菌蛋白质组学的澳大利亚同事，以及研究亚南极和沿海阿德利陆地海洋浮游细菌的法国同事。本研究的主要目的是：1描述南极冬季和夏季浮游细菌群落多样性和基因组含量的差异。2.调查冬季浮游细菌的生长和细胞信号（mRNA和蛋白质表达），以了解生存的特定适应关键。我们的研究结果将从南极延伸到北极-因为连接这两个系统的寒冷，黑暗，碳有限的深海具有许多共同特征。教育和推广活动的目标（一）本科生和研究生，希望包括通过在环境和海洋科学（梦想）计划在VIMS多样性研究招募的少数民族学生;（二）与我们的教育和推广伙伴关系与库斯托协会和南极海洋生物普查计划的广泛受众。数据和外部数据库的链接将在http://genex2.dri.edu网站上列出。序列数据将在GenBank和IMG-M数据库中公开获取。

The Western Antarctic Peninsula is experiencing one of the most rapid rates of climate warming on Earth, with an increase of 5degrees C in the mean winter temperature in 50 years. Impacts on upper trophic levels are evident, though there have been few, if any studies that have considered the impacts on bacterioplankton in the Southern Ocean. This proposal will characterize the winter bacterioplankton genome, transcriptome, and proteome and discover those features (community composition, genes up-regulated, and proteins expressed) that are essential to winter bacterioplankton survival and livelihood. We have assembled a polar ocean ecology and genomics network including strategic partnerships with Palmer LTER, the British Antarctic Survey's ocean metagenome program, US and Canadian scientists studying the Arctic Ocean genome, an Australian colleague who specialized in archaeal proteomics, and French colleagues studying Sub-Antarctic and Coastal Adelie Land marine bacterioplankton. The primary objectives of this program are: 1 Describe the differences in diversity and genomic content between austral winter and summer bacterioplankton communities. 2. Investigate the winter-time bacterioplankton growth and cellular signals (mRNA and proteins expressed) in order to understand the specific adaptations key to survival. Our results will extend from the Antarctic to the Arctic - as the cold, dark, carbon-limited deep seas linking these two systems have many common features. Education and outreach activities target (i) undergraduate and graduate students, hopefully including minority students recruited through the Diversity in Research in Environmental and Marine Sciences (DREAMS) Program at VIMS; (ii) a broad audience with our education and outreach partnerships with The Cousteau Society and with the Census for Antarctic Marine Life program. Data and links to external databases will be listed on the http://genex2.dri.edu website. Sequence data will be publicly accessible in GenBank and IMG-M databases.