Early-life origins of brain resilience to mental illness and cognitive impairment across the life-course

整个生命过程中大脑对精神疾病和认知障碍的恢复能力的早期起源

• 批准号: MC_PC_MR/R019541/1
• 负责人: Alison Murray
• 金额: $ 24.69万
• 依托单位: University of Aberdeen
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2018 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=MC_PC_MR%2FR019541%2F1
• 关键词: Early; life; origins; brain; resilience

Research in children in North America using brain scanning has shown that the brain develops less well and has a smaller surface area in children of families with less income. This result was not found in a study from Norway, where there is greater socioeconomic equality. Our own research has shown that being poor as a child is associated with more brain abnormalities in later life, which are associated with depression and dementia. Countries such as India are experiencing a rapid rise in what were considered "Western diseases", such as diabetes, combined with an increase in older people. In addition, there remain significant disparities in socioeconomic circumstance, access to education and healthcare. Researchers in the UK, in Mysore and in Mumbai have established groups of normal people (cohorts) at different ages and from different socioeconomic circumstances that have already provided much evidence on the early life origins of later life diseases, such as heart disease and diabetes. Here we will carry out work that will pave the way for a future large-scale study of mental health and thinking (cognitive) abilities in these groups. Concentrating on the Mysore groups in this application, we plan four projects that will help us design our future project to include people in Mysore and Mumbai. 1. We will invite a small number of the younger and older Mysore cohorts to have a brain scan first to find out how acceptable scanning is for them and secondly as a pilot study to test whether early life circumstances influence measurable changes on brain scans. We will investigate what factors in early life (such as your father's job, your birth weight) predict brain scan appearances. 2. By speaking with participants we will find out what people who are part of these informative cohorts think about volunteering for brain scans, blood tests and new computer tests of their thinking (cognitive) abilities. We will ask them how they view keeping information about them on a computer and their opinions of combining this information with other health and education information about them. We will also take account of local permissions, participants' and researchers' views on creation of a future database that allows their information to be securely stored, transferred between institutions in India and anonymously available to future researchers. Such a collection of information would grow over time and allow future research to answer our question about the impact of early life environment on important mental health outcomes.3. Provided participants agree, we will collect blood samples, cheek scrape samples, repeat tests of thinking abilities and depressive symptoms to add to existing research records and to allow us to calculate how many scans and tests would be needed in a future large-scale study to provide meaningful information. We will also take account of local permissions, participants' and researchers' views on creation of a future database that allows this information to be securely stored, transferred between institutions in India and anonymously available to future researchers. 4. We will host a workshop at the University of Aberdeen for investigators from India and Aberdeen to discuss and plan analysis of the extensive information available in these participants and how we best design a data analysis plan, based on pilot data, existing expertise on "big data" approaches and meaningful statistical analysis for a future large-scale application to address our research question.The work we propose here will provide the preparatory work for a future study to discover what aspects of early life environment can be modified to reduce mental illness and cognitive decline in India. This addresses three of the Sustainable Development Goals: i) Goal 3-to ensure healthy lives and promote well-being for all at all ages; ii) Goal 4-to promote lifelong learning opportunities for all; iii) Goal 10-to reduce inequalities.

对北美儿童进行的大脑扫描研究表明，收入较低家庭的儿童大脑发育较差，表面积较小。挪威的一项研究没有发现这一结果，挪威的社会经济平等程度更高。我们自己的研究表明，小时候贫穷与以后生活中更多的大脑异常有关，这些异常与抑郁症和痴呆症有关。在印度等国，糖尿病等被视为“西方疾病”的疾病正在迅速增加，老年人也在增加。此外，在社会经济状况、获得教育和保健方面仍然存在着巨大的差距。英国、迈索尔和孟买的研究人员已经建立了不同年龄和不同社会经济环境的正常人群体（队列），这些群体已经提供了许多关于晚年疾病（如心脏病和糖尿病）的早期生活起源的证据。在这里，我们将开展工作，为未来大规模研究这些群体的心理健康和思维（认知）能力铺平道路。集中在迈索尔集团在这个应用程序中，我们计划四个项目，这将有助于我们设计我们的未来项目，包括人民在迈索尔和孟买。1.我们将邀请一小部分年轻和年长的迈索尔人进行大脑扫描，首先是为了了解他们对扫描的接受程度，其次是作为一项试点研究，以测试早期生活环境是否会影响大脑扫描的可测量变化。我们将调查早期生活中的哪些因素（如您父亲的工作，您的出生体重）预测大脑扫描外观。2.通过与参与者交谈，我们将了解这些信息群体中的一部分人对自愿接受脑部扫描，血液测试和新的计算机测试他们的思维（认知）能力的看法。我们将询问他们如何看待在计算机上保存有关他们的信息，以及他们对将这些信息与其他有关他们的健康和教育信息相结合的看法。我们还将考虑当地的许可，参与者和研究人员对创建未来数据库的看法，该数据库允许他们的信息安全存储，在印度的机构之间传输，并匿名提供给未来的研究人员。这样的信息收集将随着时间的推移而增长，并允许未来的研究回答我们关于早期生活环境对重要心理健康结果的影响的问题。如果参与者同意，我们将收集血液样本，脸颊刮擦样本，重复测试思维能力和抑郁症状，以添加到现有的研究记录中，并允许我们计算在未来的大规模研究中需要多少扫描和测试来提供有意义的信息。我们还将考虑当地的许可，参与者和研究人员对创建未来数据库的看法，该数据库允许这些信息安全存储，在印度的机构之间传输，并匿名提供给未来的研究人员。4.我们将在阿伯丁大学为来自印度和阿伯丁的研究人员举办一个研讨会，讨论和计划分析这些参与者提供的广泛信息，以及我们如何根据试点数据最好地设计数据分析计划，现有的关于“大数据”方法的专门知识和有意义的统计分析，我们在这里提出的工作将为未来的研究提供准备工作，以发现早期生活环境的哪些方面可以被修改，以减少精神疾病和认知能力下降，印度这涉及三个可持续发展目标：i）目标3-确保健康生活并促进所有年龄段所有人的福祉; ii）目标4-促进所有人的终身学习机会; iii）目标10-减少不平等。

项目成果

Public engagement with cohort participants in Scotland and India: How do participants want to shape mental health research?

苏格兰和印度队列参与者的公众参与：参与者希望如何塑造心理健康研究？

• DOI: 10.23889/ijpds.v3i4.621
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: International Journal of Population Data Science
• 作者: Chapko D

Sexual dimorphism in the relationship between brain complexity, volume and general intelligence (g): a cross-cohort study.

• DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-15208-4
• 发表时间: 2022-06-30
• 期刊: Scientific reports
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Sandu AL;Waiter GD;Staff RT;Nazlee N;Habota T;McNeil CJ;Chapko D;Williams JH;Fall CHD;Chandak GR;Pene S;Krishna M;McIntosh AM;Whalley HC;Kumaran K;Krishnaveni GV;Murray AD
• 通讯作者: Murray AD