Novel Microstructures and Enhanced Properties Through High Magnetic Field Treatment and Extraordinary Thermomechanical Processing in Ferromagnetic Alloys

技术：本研究计划的主要目的是系统地探索高磁场处理与远非平衡（FFE）材料合成的应用，以及“联合反应”方法作为定制铁磁合金中转化产物的长度尺度和形态的工具。目标是使用这种混合加工和热处理来驱动转变行为和微观结构沿着常规加工方法通常无法达到的反应路径演变，并产生具有增强的物理，机械和化学性能的独特结构状态。联合反应方法包括诱导两种或两种以上的固态转变，如再结晶和有序/分解，同时、顺序和/或协同发生。由于Fe-Pd和Mn-Al-(C)永磁合金具有丰富的相变行为和高度的结构敏感性，因此选择了它们作为研究对象。初步结果表明，该材料加工策略有望产生包括块状纳米结构铁磁体在内的超细微结构。高磁场处理将与佛罗里达州立大学的橡树岭国家实验室（ORNL）材料加工组和国家高磁场实验室（NHMFL）合作进行。非技术：这项研究将直接促进所谓的材料电磁加工（EPM）的发展，特别是与高磁场加工相关的科学，作为一种潜在可行的新工业方法，可以定制独特的材料，包括纳米结构钢和块状铁磁体。先进材料加工的这种新维度可能会催化当前成熟和根深蒂固的技术（如钢铁工业）的新时代的到来，并影响纳米技术等迅速崛起的领域。重要的是，虽然该研究涉及两种特定的铁磁合金系统，但该项目旨在为理解所涉及的热力学，动力学和机械因素的复杂相互作用奠定基础，这将普遍适用于一系列材料。除了雄心勃勃的研究议程外，还制定了大量的教育和外展内容，包括三个主要部分：1)为中学生提供动手科学（居屋）实验室体验。2)中学科学教师工作坊（磁学与现代技术）。3)与ORNL的互动，并安排市建局学生作为ORNL与弗吉尼亚大学（UVA）之间的联络研究员。市建局的职位将有效地吸引少数族裔和妇女从事工程和科学工作。

TECHNICAL: The major thrust of this research program is to systematically explore the application of high magnetic field processing coupled with far-from-equilibrium (FFE) materials synthesis and a "combined reactions" approach as a tool for tailoring the length scales and morphologies of transformation products in select ferromagnetic alloys. The goal is to use this hybrid processing and heat treatment to drive the transformation behavior and microstructural evolution along reaction paths generally not accessible to conventional processing methodologies and produce unique structural states with enhanced physical, mechanical and chemical properties. The combined reactions approach involves inducing two or more solid state transformations, e.g. recrystallization and ordering/decomposition, to occur concomitantly, sequentially and/or synergistically. The Fe-Pd and Mn-Al-(C) permanent magnet alloys are chosen for the studies based on their rich transformation behavior and highly structure-sensitive magnetic properties. The materials processing strategy is expected to produce ultra-fine microstructures including bulk nanostructured ferromagnets as indicated by preliminary results. The high magnetic field processing will be carried out in cooperation with the Oak Ridge National Laboratory (ORNL) Materials Processing Group and the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory (NHMFL) at Florida State University. NON-TECHNICAL: This research should contribute directly to the development of the so-called electromagnetic processing of materials (EPM), particularly the science relating to high magnetic field processing as a potentially viable new industrial approach to tailoring unique materials including nanostructured steels and bulk ferromagnets. This new dimension in advanced materials processing could catalyze the advent of a new era in currently mature and well-entrenched technologies such as the steel industry as well as impacting rapidly emerging areas such as nanotechnology. Importantly, although the research addresses two particular ferromagnetic alloy systems, the project is aimed at establishing a fundamental basis for understanding the complex interplay of thermodynamic, kinetic and mechanistic factors involved which will be generally applicable to a range of materials. In addition to an ambitious research agenda, a substantial education and outreach component has been developed involving three main parts: 1) Hands-on-Science (HOS) laboratory experience for secondary school students. 2) Workshops for Secondary School Science Teachers (Magnetism and Modern Technology). 3) Interaction with ORNL and the placement of URA students as liaison researchers between ORNL and the University of Virginia (UVA). The URA positions will be used effectively to attract minorities and women to careers in engineering and science.