Linking Lakes to Land: Understanding the Spatial and Temporal Aspects of Allochthonous Subsidies

非技术摘要：C.Gratton建议编号：Deb-0717148建议标题：将湖泊与土地联系起来：了解异地潜质的空间和时间方面我们对湖泊和土地是如何联系在一起的了解很差，尽管湖泊是许多陆地景观的重要组成部分。到目前为止，大多数研究都集中在流域特征或土地利用如何影响下游地表水，但我们对反向相互作用知之甚少。这项研究将调查冰岛北部的一个营养丰富的湖Mèvatn湖与陆地的联系，该湖每5-7年发生一次罕见的、自然的、大规模的蚊虫(水生昆虫)暴发。在这些疫情爆发期间，数以百万计的蚊子进入周围的陆地生态系统，在那里它们影响到从植物生产力到草食昆虫和它们的蜘蛛捕食者的一切。通过一系列操作实验、遥感分析和经验建模，该系统将作为一个模型来研究景观尺度上的生态联系，并将解决陆地上的食物网如何受到来自不同和不同湖泊生态系统的能量、物质和生物的影响这一基本问题。扩大我们对陆地群落的研究，明确包括与景观的其他元素的相互作用，将使我们能够通过同时考虑多种栖息地来更好地了解和管理我们的环境。景观正在通过自然力量(如入侵物种)和人为力量(如城市化或农业)进行改变。确定这些动态的生境拼凑如何相互影响，对于了解干扰如何通过景观传播和更好地管理我们的陆地生态系统至关重要。

Non-Technical Abstract: C.GrattonProposal Number: DEB-0717148Proposal Title: Linking Lakes to Land: Understanding the Spatial and Temporal Aspects of Allochthonous SubsidiesOur understanding of how lakes and land are linked is poor, despite the fact that lakes are important components of many terrestrial landscapes. Most research to this point has focused on how watershed characteristics or land use affect downstream surface waters, but we know little about reverse interactions. This study will investigate lake-to-land linkages at Lake Mývatn, a nutrient-rich lake in Northern Iceland with exceptional, natural, large-scale midge (aquatic insect) outbreaks that occur every 5-7 yr. During these outbreaks, millions of midges enter surrounding terrestrial ecosystems, where they affect everything from plant productivity to herbivorous insects and their spider predators. Through a series of manipulative experiments, remote sensing analyses, and empirical modeling, this system will serve as a model to study ecological linkages at the landscape scale and will address the fundamental question of how food webs on land are influenced by energy, materials, and organisms originating from separate and distinct lake ecosystems. Broadening our studies of terrestrial communities to explicitly include interactions with other elements of the landscape will allow us to better understand and manage our environment by considering multiple habitats simultaneously. Landscapes are being altered via both natural (e.g., invasive species) and anthropogenic forces (e.g., urbanization or agriculture). Determining how these dynamic patchworks of habitats affect each other will be essential to understanding how disturbances propagate through landscapes and to better managing our terrestrial ecosystems.