Unsteady Flow Phenomena in Models of Curved Arteries with Stents

提案编号：CBET -0729995主要研究者：Plesniak，Michael W.机构：纽约理工大学带支架的弯曲动脉模型中的非定常流动现象一项实验研究将检查斯托克斯层扰动对脉动流弯曲管道中二次流结构的影响。这项工作的动机是与插入支架相关的问题，以在结构上加强血管成形术治疗的动脉狭窄（堵塞）患者造成的进行性，退行性心血管疾病动脉粥样硬化。心脏病是美国和世界发达国家男性和女性的头号杀手。在美国进行的治疗动脉粥样硬化的医疗程序每年花费数百亿美元。将构建一个具有弯曲血管中支架相关特征的简化模型，并使用非侵入性光学测速技术（包括LDV和PIV）进行探测。假设支架相对于壁的方向和位置将影响弯曲血管中的二次流动，这将影响负责血管重塑的细胞生化信号。拟议研究的智力价值是发展对导致弯曲管道中脉动二次流的粘性层的敏感性/感受性的理解（代表在身体中普遍存在的弯曲动脉）。所采用的强制函数基于生理相关的波形，这些波形比之前在相对较少的弯曲管道脉动流研究中使用的简单正弦强制要复杂得多。血流的快速加速和减速是心脏在收缩期和舒张期泵送血液的特征，产生了丰富的血流物理学。在流体动力学的更广泛的适用性方面，这种扰动可以被认为是弯曲pipes.The拟议的研究包括社会，教育和技术组件的更广泛的影响被动流量控制。潜在的社会动机是与心脏病作斗争。不仅在流动性和死亡率方面价格高昂，而且必要的医疗程序的经济影响也是巨大的。该方案的另一个更广泛的社会影响将是促进代表性不足群体的学生的参与。由于其在布鲁克林的城市环境，理工大学有许多计划，以吸引代表性不足的群体。例如，理工学院的承诺基金为处境不利的高中生提供了在夏季与教师一起参加研究项目的机会。PI积极参与理工大学作为NSF资助的纽约-波多黎各研究生教育联盟和教授联盟（AGEP）项目的合作伙伴，旨在显着增加国内学生获得科学，技术，工程和数学博士学位的数量（STEM），特别强调代表性不足的群体。共同资助的生物医学工程，颗粒和多相过程，和热传输过程计划。

PROPOSAL NO.: CBET - 0729995PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS: Plesniak, Michael W.INSTITUTION: Polytechnic University of New YorkUnsteady Flow Phenomena in Models of Curved Arteries with StentsAn experimental study will examine the effects of perturbations to the Stokes layer on secondary flow structures in a curved pipe subjected to pulsatile flow. This work is motivated by issues associated with the insertion of stents to structurally reinforce arteries treated by angioplasty in patients with stenoses (blockages) resulting from the progressive, degenerative cardiovascular disease atherosclerosis. Heart disease is the number one killer of men and women in the US and developed countries world-wide. Medical procedures performed in the US to treat atherosclerosis cost tens of billions of dollars annually. A simplified model with the relevant features of a stent in a curved vessel will be constructed and probed with non-invasive optical velocimetry techniques including LDV and PIV. It is hypothesized that the orientation and position of the stent relative to the walls will affect the secondary flows in the curved vessels, which will impact cellular biochemical signaling that is responsible for vascular remodeling.The intellectual merit of the proposed study is to develop an understanding of the sensitivity/receptivity of viscous layers leading to pulsatile secondary flows in curved pipes (representative of curved arteries which are ubiquitous in the body). The forcing functions to be employed are based on physiologically relevant waveforms that are considerably more complex than simple sinusoidal forcing previously used in the relatively few studies of pulsatile flow in curved pipes. The rapid accelerations and decelerations of the flow, which are characteristics of blood pumped by the heart during systole and diastole, produce a richness of flow physics. In terms of broader applicability to fluid dynamics, such perturbations may be considered as passive flow control in curved pipes.The broader impacts of the proposed study include societal, educational, and technological components. The underlying societal motivation is combating heart disease. Not only is the price high in terms of mobidity and mortality, but the economic impact of necessary medical procedures is tremendous. Another societal broader impact of this program will be to promote participation of students from underrepresented groups. Because of its urban setting in Brooklyn, Polytechnic University has many programs in place to attract underrepresented groups. For example, Polytechnic''s PROMISE FUND has given disadvantaged high school students the opportunity to attend work with faculty on research projects during the summer. The PI is actively involved to engage Polytechnic University as a partner in the NSF-funded Central New York-Puerto Rico Alliance for Graduate Education and the Professoriate (AGEP) project intended to significantly increase the number of domestic students receiving doctoral degrees in the sciences, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), with special emphasis on underrepresented groups. Co-funded by the Biomedical Engineering, Particulate and Multiphase processes, and Thermal Transport Processes Programs.