Engineering Issues in Understanding Human Speech

生态旅游- 0828903 m。在这项资助下，通常应用于人类发声模型的建模假设（声带的液体引起的振动）将被系统地评估。由于喉部的不可接近性，建模一直是语音研究的主要组成部分。语音模型寻求简化复杂的流体结构的相互作用，人类的声音生产，同时仍然捕捉相关的物理。然而，未经检验的建模假设限制了这些模型的准确性。最终，高度精确的模型将对语音障碍的临床诊断、治疗和术前计划产生革命性的影响。据估计，一般人群中嗓音障碍的患病率高达30%，而在经常讲课的专业人士（如教育工作者）中，这一比例是这一比例的两倍。每年，数十亿美元的生产力损失都是由发声疾病造成的。这个项目的目标是评估常规使用的未经检验的建模假设的有效性。流体流动调查将在7.5倍真人大小的声带可控动态模型中进行。利用粒子图像测速（PIV）和激光多普勒测速（LDV）技术，通过空间和时间流场数据研究声门内的粘性流动现象。参数结构分析将用于确定声带结构对8个几何参数和6个从未测量过的组织参数的敏感性。从这项研究中获得的知识将提高未来模型的准确性和有效性，最终导致创建临床相关的人类语言模型。除了语音生成之外，研究结果还将与流固相互作用和生物医学工程等更广泛的领域相关。普渡大学现有的外展项目将确保除了工程和社会影响外，该研究还将对代表性不足的群体、本科生研究参与和K-12外展项目的参与产生更广泛的影响。普渡大学的暑期本科生研究奖学金（SURF）项目为本科生提供有意义的指导性研究，普渡大学的少数族裔工程组织特别鼓励女性和少数族裔参与其中。参与普渡大学的工程拓展项目，如“想象站”、“中学思想”和EPICS，将促进K-12学生在年轻时接触到工程的兴奋。与EPICS一起创建的人类语言过程的功能模型将用于本科语音语言和听力研究（SLHS）课程的教学。

CBET-0828903M. Plesniak, Purdue UniversityUnder this grant, modeling assumptions that are commonly applied in models of human phonation (fluid-induced vibrations of the vocal folds) will be systematically evaluated. Because of the inaccessibility of the larynx, modeling has long been a primary component of voice research. Speech models seek to simplify the complicated fluid-structure interactions of human voice production while still capturing the relevant physics. However, untested modeling assumptions limit the accuracy of such models. Ultimately, highly accurate models will be transformative to clinical diagnosis, treatment, and pre-surgical planning of voice disorders. The prevalence of voice disorders in the general population is estimated to be as high as 30%, and is twice as high among professionals who lecture regularly, such as educators. Each year, billions of dollars in lost productivity costs is due to vocal ailments. The goal of this project is to assess the validity of untested modeling assumptions that are routinely employed. Fluid flow investigations will be performed in a 7.5 times life-size controllable dynamic model of the vocal folds. Viscous flow phenomena within the glottis will be studied via spatial and temporal flow field data using Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) and Laser Doppler Velocimetry (LDV). Parametric structural analysis will be performed to determine the sensitivity of the vocal fold structure to eight geometric and six tissue parameters of several have never been measured. The knowledge obtained from this study will increase the accuracy and validity of future models, eventually leading to the creation of clinically relevant models of human speech. In addition to speech production, the results will be relevant to the more general fields of fluid-structure interactions, and biomedical engineering.The existing outreach programs at Purdue University will ensure that in addition to engineering and societal impacts, the research will have a broader impact on participation of underrepresented groups, undergraduate research participation, and K-12 outreach programs. The Summer Undergraduate Research Fellowship (SURF) program at Purdue University facilitates meaningful guided research for undergraduate students, in which female and minority participation is especially encouraged by Purdue's Minority Engineering organization. Participation in engineering outreach programs such as "Imagination Station", "Middle School Minds", and EPICS at Purdue University will facilitate the exposure of K-12 students to the excitement of engineering at a young age. A functional model of the human speech process created in conjunction with EPICS will be used for instruction in undergraduate Speech Language and Hearing Research (SLHS) classes.