Multinary Zintl Phases Comprising Elements of Groups 13 - 15 and Ternary Molecular Intermetalloids

在过去的20年里，Zintl相和Zintl阴离子的化学和物理已经得到了增强，增加了新的方面，使这一传统的无机合成和结构化学领域成为一个高度热门的领域，解决化学、物理和材料科学问题。在我们的DE-758/12-1项目中，我们研究了包含13-15族元素和三元分子间金属质的多相锌。基于该项目的巨大成功，迄今已在知名期刊上发表了9篇论文，我们打算进一步发展我们对二元锌离子和三元金属间簇的研究。我们正计划遵循不同的途径，一方面继续和扩展以前的工作，一方面是新的元素组合，另一方面是对迄今尚未研究的新的合成途径和目标化合物的研究。项目大纲致力于两个主要目标：A)根据通式[MxE1yE2z]q- (M =过渡金属、镧系元素、U； E1 =第13或14族元素；E2 =第14或15族元素；E1不等于E2)，合成、彻底表征和形成含三元分子类金属化合物。为了达到这个目标，我们首先要利用各种不同的元素组合。其次，我们将测试进一步的综合策略，以扩大产品范围，并有机会获得对地层过程的新见解，以便更好地理解和控制它们。B)由有机或有机元素配体R衍生二元Zintl阴离子和三元金属间簇，从而利用二元和三元体系的异极性，并根据通式[RnMxE1yE2z]q- （n，x大于/等于0）分解二元和三元Zintl阴离子形成新的金属间相。所有产品的化学和物理特性将使用所有可用的实验设备进行详细研究；除了确定样品的身份外，这应该有助于阐明二元或三元金属间锌离子化合物的形成途径，稳定性和反应性-这是该领域进一步发展的关键问题。为了澄清无法通过实验技术解决的开放性问题，量子化学研究将是该项目的重要组成部分。高度复杂的综合和多方面分析的这种具体结合在过去非常富有成效，并将有助于计划中的调查今后取得成功。

The chemistry and physics of Zintl phases and Zintl anions has been enhanced during the past 20 years by addition of novel aspects that led this traditional area of inorganic synthesis and structural chemistry into a highly topical field, addressing chemical, physical as well as material sciences issues. Within our project DE-758/12-1, we worked on Multinary Zintl-Phases comprising Elements of Groups 13-15 and Ternary Molecular Intermetalloids. Based on the great success of the project, which afforded 9 publications so far in highly reputable journals, we intend to further develop our research on binary Zintl anions and ternary intermetalloid clusters. We are planning to follow different pathways that allow for both, continuation and extension of the previous work with novel elemental combinations on the one hand and investigations on novel synthesis routes and target compounds that have so far not been studied. The project outline is dedicated to two major goals: A) Synthesis, thorough characterization and formation studies of compounds comprising ternary molecular intermetalloids according to the general formula [MxE1yE2z]q- (M = transition metal, lanthanoid, U; E1 = group 13 or 14 element; E2 = group 14 or 15 element; E1 not equal to E2). To achieve the objectives, we will make use of the variety of different elemental combinations at first place. Secondly, we will test further synthetic strategies to broaden the product spectrum as well as to get the chance of gaining new insight into formation processes in order to understand and even better control them. B) Derivatization of binary Zintl anions and ternary intermetalloid clusters with organic or organo-element ligands R, thereby utilizing the the heteropolarity of binary and ternary systems, and decomposition of binary and ternary Zintl anions according to the general formula [RnMxE1yE2z]q- (n,x larger than/equal to 0) to form novel intermetallic phases. Chemical and physical properties of all products will be subject to detailed studies using all experimental equipment available; besides determination of the identity of the samples, this should serve to elucidate formation pathways, stabilities and reactivities of compounds with binary or ternary intermetalloid Zintl anions - crucial issues for significant further development of the field. For clarification of open questions that cannot be addressed by using experimental techniques, quantum chemical investigations will represent an essential part of the project. This specific combination of high-sophisticated synthesis and multifaceted analyses has been very fruitful in the past and shall contribute to future success of the planned investigations.