SGER: Understanding the Nutrition Transition in Urban Colombia: A First Step

超重和肥胖在全球范围内日益普遍，是人类进化史上的一个新现象。虽然这通常被归因于肥胖环境的出现，以及有利于肥胖的进化遗传，但许多问题仍然没有答案。拉丁美洲的情况尤其如此，那里的超重和肥胖率似乎正在迅速上升，但人们对被认为是原因的环境因素的性质知之甚少。该项目的主要目标是评估哥伦比亚卡利妇女在过去20年中超重和肥胖患病率的变化。这将通过收集身高和体重数据来实现，这些数据可以与1987-88年从同一人口中收集的基线数据进行比较。基线数据是从三个社会经济(SES)群体的妇女大样本中收集的，拟议的项目将从同样的三个群体收集数据。如果拟议项目的数据记录了超重和肥胖的显著增加，下一步将设计一个新的研究项目，旨在评估导致超重和肥胖的环境因素的变化，即评估肥胖环境的出现。这一新项目将再次把重点放在哥伦比亚卡利的妇女身上，因为可以获得大量这些妇女的饮食摄入量、体力活动和与食物有关的环境方面的基线数据。这种基线数据的可获得性对于拉美裔美国人来说是独一无二的，并将使测试与被认为是肥胖环境特征的两个组成部分有关的假设成为可能，即高脂肪、高能量密度饮食和减少体力活动的机会。基线数据还将使检验与其他一些潜在因素有关的假设成为可能，例如食物的可获得性、食物的种类、方便食品的使用以及餐馆用餐的频率。

The increasing prevalence of overweight and obesity on a global scale is a new phenomenon in human evolutionary history. While this is generally attributed to the emergence of obesogenic environments combined with an evolutionary heritage that has favored fatness, many questions remain unanswered. This especially true for Latin America where rates of overweight and obesity appear to be rising rapidly, but little is known about the nature of the environmental factors assumed to be causal. The main goal of this project is to assess the change in the prevalence of overweight and obesity that has occurred in women in Cali, Colombia in the past 20 years. This will be accomplished by collecting height and weight data that can be compared to the baseline data collected in 1987-88 from the same population. The baseline data was collected from a large sample of women in three SES (socioeconomic) groups, and the proposed project will collect data from the same three groups. If data from the proposed project documents a significant increase in overweight and obesity, the next step will be to design a new research project aimed at assessing the changes in the environmental factors responsible for the increase, that is to assess the emergence of an obesogenic environment. This new project will again focus on women in Cali, Colombia because of the availability of baseline data on dietary intake, physical activity and relevant aspects of the food-related environment for a large sample of these women. The availability of such baseline data is unique for Latina America and will make it possible to test hypotheses related to two of the components thought to characterize obesogenic environments, namely high fat, energy dense diets and reduced opportunities for physical activity. The baseline data will also make it possible to test hypotheses related to a number of other potential factors, such as food availability, food variety, the use of convenience foods, and the frequency of restaurant meals.