SHINE: Validating and Comparing Velocities Estimated from Magnetograms

主要研究员将使用更真实地模拟光球和色球磁演化的模型数据，调查从太阳光球和色球磁图得出的等离子体速度的准确性。他将与模型开发人员和几种速度估计方法的用户合作进行这些测试。这项研究的动机是，磁图序列被广泛使用的社区，以估计速度和磁通量的磁能和螺旋度进入太阳日冕，从而驱动日冕磁场的动态模型。然而，来自磁流体动力学（MHD）模拟太阳内部磁对流的合成磁图已经证明，这种磁图排序方法估计速度是错误的propioned.The PI将解决几个科学上有趣的问题，如速度是否更准确地重建光球或色球磁图，以及目前的方法是否准确地重建能量和螺旋度通量。他对磁记录观测的协调分析将确定不同的速度估计方法的一致程度以及仪器空间分辨率的变化如何影响这些估计的速度。PI计划每年举办研讨会以促进研究伙伴关系。他将在期刊网站上公布他的综合和观察数据集，以确保广泛和长期传播他的研究结果，并允许在社区内对速度估计方法进行标准化基准测试。他的研究团队将监督学生，并向他们介绍数据分析的统计方法。这项工作将提高预测空间气象的能力，从而通过更好地预测传播到地球并影响我们的技术基础设施的太阳扰动来影响社会。

The Principal Investigator (PI) will investigate the accuracy of plasma velocities derived from solar photospheric and chromospheric magnetograms, using model data that more realistically simulates photospheric and chromospheric magnetic evolution. He will conduct these tests in collaboration with model developers and users of several velocity estimation methods. This study is motivated by the fact that magnetogram sequences are extensively used by the community to estimate velocities and the fluxes of magnetic energy and helicity into the solar corona, thereby driving dynamic models of the coronal magnetic field. However, synthetic magnetograms derived from magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) simulations of magnetoconvection in the solar interior have demonstrated that such magnetogram sequencing methods of estimating velocities are error prone.The PI will address several scientifically interesting questions, such as whether velocities are more accurately reconstructed from photospheric or chromospheric magnetograms, and whether current methods reconstruct the energy and helicity fluxes accurately. His coordinated analyses of magnetogram observations will determine how well the differing velocity estimation methods agree and how variations in instrumental spatial resolution affect these estimated velocities.The PI plans to hold annual workshops to promote research partnerships. He will post his synthetic and observed data sets on journal-hosted web sites to ensure widespread and long-term dissemination of his findings, and to permit standardized benchmarking of velocity estimation methods within the community. His research team will supervise students and introduce them to statistical methods of data analysis. This work will lead to enhanced predictive space weather capabilities, and thereby impact society through better forecasts for solar disturbances that propagate to Earth and affect our technological infrastructure.