The evolution of flower synorganization in Consolida (Ranunculaceae)

毛茅科的Delphinieae分支在基生的优生植物中是不寻常的，因为它有左右对称的花。Delphinieae由物种丰富的乌头属和飞燕属组成(约300 spp.每种)和小得多的Consolida(40-50 sp.，包括乌头属)。Consolida也是唯一的花(背面花瓣的)合体与螺旋叶序结合的被子植物，这两个特征通常是互不相容的。Consolida的潜在单子体和与Delphine的精确关系未经检验。这项提议正在寻求对系统发育的支持，该系统发育将采样多达100种Consolida和Delphdium(以及作为外类群的少数乌头属)的核和叶绿体DNA区域，以解决该分支花瓣合体组织的进化(测序在很大程度上可以依赖于标本材料，如初步研究所示，材料手头在慕尼黑)。将在6-10种植物中研究花发育的细节，以代表不同的花型。需要回答的主要问题是(I)螺旋叶序、左右对称和花瓣合生组织是如何在发育过程中建立和相互作用的？以及(Ii)飞燕草/Consolida分支中花被进化的轨迹是什么？

The Delphinieae clade of the Ranunculaceae is unusual among basal eudicots in having zygomorphic flowers. Delphinieae consist of the species-rich Aconitum and Delphinium (ca. 300 spp. each) and the much smaller Consolida (40-50 sp., including Aconitella). Consolida is also the only angiosperm in which floral synorganization (of the dorsal petals) occurs in conjunction with spiral phyllotaxis, two features normally incompatible with each other. The potential monophyly of Consolida and precise relationship to Delphinium are untested. This proposal is seeking support for a phylogeny that will sample up to 100 species of Consolida and Delphinium (and a few Aconitum as outgroups) for nuclear and chloroplast DNA regions to resolve the evolution of petal synorganization in this clade (sequencing can largely rely on herbarium material as shown in a pilot study and material is at hand in Munich). Details of floral development will be studied in 6-10 species selected to represent different flower types. The main questions to be answered are (i) How do spiral phyllotaxis, zygomorphy, and petal synorganization become establish and interact during development? and (ii) What is (are) the evolutionary trajectory(-ies) of perianth evolution in the the Delphinium/Consolida clade?