US-Egypt Cooperative Research: Chemistry-Climate Feedbacks on Egypt and the Nile River Basin

在这个项目中，气体和水的化学机制和详细的气溶胶机制将耦合到一个区域气候模式（RegCM3）。 RegCM3包括几种气溶胶的形成和传输，但缺乏同时处理区域气候和大气化学的完全耦合在线模型所需的化学。 耦合模式将用于模拟埃及目前和未来的气候，特别侧重于尼罗河流域，以评估大气气溶胶对埃及气候的作用。 大开罗地区是非洲和中东最大的城市，有大量的气体和颗粒空气污染物影响整个地区。 由于大量的生物和人为物种的排放，一个完全耦合的化学气候模拟是必要的，以评估这些反馈及其影响。 模拟将考虑气溶胶的直接和间接影响，并评估其对尼罗河流域气候和水资源的潜在影响。对流层的化学成分在了解当今和未来气候方面发挥着关键作用。 该项目将把美国和埃及的大气科学家与埃及气象局（EMA）和埃及环境事务局（EEAA）的科学家结合起来。 该项目的更广泛影响还包括培训来自埃及和美国的研究生或初级科学家。

In this project, a gas and aqueous chemical mechanism and a detailed aerosol mechanism will be coupled to a regional climate model (RegCM3). RegCM3 includes the formation and transport of several aerosol species, but lacks the chemistry needed for a fully coupled online model that simultaneously treats regional climate and atmospheric chemistry. The coupled model will be used to simulate present and future climate over Egypt, with a specific focus on the Nile Basin, in order to evaluate the role of atmospheric aerosols on Egypt's climate. The Greater Cairo region is the largest city in Africa and the Middle East, with large amounts of gas and particulate air pollutants that affect the region at large. Because of the large emissions of both biogenic and anthropogenic species, a fully coupled chemistry-climate simulation is needed to evaluate these feedbacks and their impacts. The simulations will consider the direct and indirect impacts of aerosols and assess their potential effects on the climate and water resources of the Nile River Basin.The chemical composition of the troposphere plays a key role in understanding present day and future climate. This project will integrate U.S. and Egyptian atmospheric scientists with scientists from the Egyptian Meteorological Authority (EMA) and the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency (EEAA). Broader impacts of the project also include the training of graduate students or junior scientists from Egypt and the U.S. Funding for this project is being provided by the NSF Office of International Science and Engineering (OISE).