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CAREER: The Climatic Relevance of Pollen in the Atmosphere

职业：大气中花粉的气候相关性

基本信息

批准号：
0952650
负责人：
Allison Steiner
金额：
$ 59.99万
依托单位：
Regents of the University of Michigan - Ann Arbor
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2010
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2010-08-01 至 2017-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0952650&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Climatic Relevance Pollen Atmosphere

项目摘要

Atmospheric aerosols represent a key uncertainty in understanding the climate system and climate change, and the contribution of primary biogenic aerosols is not included in current global budgets. Recent work indicates that pollen, a primary biogenic aerosol, can break up into fine particulate matter, act as giant cloud condensation nuclei (CCN), and influence the formation of ice nuclei. This project will address three scientific questions to quantify the climatic relevance of pollen in the atmosphere: (1) What are the magnitude and spatial distribution of pollen emissions from the biosphere? (2) What are the processes that allow pollen to act as CCN and how likely are they to occur? (3) What are the magnitude and spatial distribution of direct and first indirect radiative forcing from pollen aerosols? The project will develop and integrate a pollen aerosol emissions module in a regional climate model, evaluate the ability of pollen to act as a CCN through experimental studies, and assess the direct and indirect effects of pollen on regional radiative forcing through decadal scale regional climate simulations. The scientific outcomes will provide an estimate of the magnitude of the contribution of pollen to the aerosol budget over fine spatial and temporal scales and their ultimate impact on long-term climate. Broader impacts include the following: (1) An educational program, the Green Roof Project, will establish two meteorological and pollen monitoring stations at middle schools in Detroit public to introduce middle school students to hypothesis development, data collection, and data analysis and interpretation. Data from the Green Roof Project will inform the pollen emissions model development. (2) Integration of the Green Roof Project and research on biosphere-atmosphere interactions with the University of Michigan graduate and undergraduate education, and (3) International education through a partnership with the International Centre for Theoretical Physics to train scientists from developing nations on the role of biosphere-atmosphere interactions. This project will benefit society by assessing the contribution of primary biogenic aerosols like pollen to climate variability, the impact of landscape change on air quality, and the role of pollen emissions and transport in asthma and public health.

大气气溶胶是理解气候系统和气候变化的一个关键的不确定因素，而主要生物气溶胶的贡献没有包括在目前的全球预算中。最近的研究表明，花粉，一种主要的生物气溶胶，可以分解成细颗粒物质，作为巨大的云凝结核（CCN），并影响冰核的形成。该项目将解决三个科学问题来量化大气中花粉的气候相关性：（1）生物圈中花粉排放的数量和空间分布是什么？(2)是什么过程让花粉充当CCN，它们发生的可能性有多大？ (3)花粉气溶胶的直接和第一间接辐射强迫的大小和空间分布是什么？该项目将开发花粉气溶胶排放模块并将其纳入区域气候模式，通过实验研究评估花粉作为云凝结核的能力，并通过十年尺度区域气候模拟评估花粉对区域辐射强迫的直接和间接影响。这些科学成果将提供关于花粉在细微的空间和时间尺度上对气溶胶收支的贡献大小及其对长期气候的最终影响的估计。更广泛的影响包括：（1）一个教育项目，绿色屋顶项目，将在底特律的中学建立两个气象和花粉监测站，向中学生介绍假设发展、数据收集、数据分析和解释。来自绿色屋顶项目的数据将为花粉排放模型的开发提供信息。(2)将绿色屋顶项目和生物圈-大气相互作用研究与密歇根大学的研究生和本科生教育相结合，以及（3）通过与国际理论物理中心的伙伴关系开展国际教育，培训发展中国家的科学家了解生物圈-大气相互作用的作用。该项目将通过评估花粉等主要生物气溶胶对气候变化的贡献，景观变化对空气质量的影响以及花粉排放和运输在哮喘和公共卫生中的作用来造福社会。