MRI: Development of Instrumentation for an Autonomous Underwater Sensor Network System

提案编号：CNS 08- 21597 PI：Cui，Jun-Hong（June）Babb，Ivar G.; Shi，Zhijie; Torgersen，托马斯; Zhou，Shengli单位：康涅狄格大学斯托尔斯，CT 06269- 1133职称： MRI/器械：Dev.该项目旨在为一个可扩展的自主水下传感器网络（UWSN）系统开发仪器，以提供更好的传感和监视技术，从而获得更好的数据，以了解海洋的空间和时间复杂性。仪器包括开发高数据速率声学调制解调器（Aqua-Modems），节能集成水下节点（Aqua-Motes）和实验性水下传感器网络（实验室和现场）测试平台。Aqua-Modems引领了新一代声学调制解调器的设计，支持两个功能：-高数据速率和强大的数据传输和-先进的网络功能。aqua-Motes将成为第一代“真正的”集成水下传感器节点，类似于用于陆地传感器网络的Berkeley Motes。这两种类型的Aqua-Motes将使用不同的处理器构建，以便轻松适应广泛的应用。带有Aqua-Modems和Aqua-Motes的实验室和现场测试平台将用于测试为UWSNs设计的各种算法和协议。UWSNs是新颖的，与任何陆地传感器网络都有显着不同。由于电磁吸收系数很高，无线电在水中不能很好地工作。相反，通常采用声学通信。水声通信的低带宽、长传播时延、高误码率等特点给水声调制解调器和网络设计者带来了巨大的挑战，现有的陆地无线传感器网络技术无法应用于水声通信。需要在协议套件的每个级别进行新的研究，并需要新的实验仪器来实现，测试和比较设计方案和潜在的解决方案。这一工具使后者能够满足人们对观测海洋演变过程的持续和日益增长的兴趣。越来越需要监测海洋环境，以进行商业勘探、海岸线保护和跟踪进程，这些进程增加了所观察到的复杂性。通过在三维水下空间中部署分布式和可扩展的传感器网络，每个水下传感器可以本地监测和检测环境参数和事件。 在动态海洋系统中，水团在环境中平流和扩散时会发生各种过程。因此，具有被动移动的传感器（与水流）的拉格朗日观测系统允许在适当的时间和空间尺度上原位观测海洋过程。拉格朗日传感器的自组织网络还为传感、监测、监视、调度、水下控制和容错提供了更好的支持。更广泛的影响：该项目促进了UWSN面临的多个问题的进展，并为广泛的应用提供了实际的解决方案。此外，它还在几个方面影响教育：支持研究生的高级研究和本科生暑期实习生（包括社区学院的学生参加向服务不足的少数民族推广STEM学科的项目），并将来自不同学科的研究人员聚集在一起（例如，海洋科学、传感器、低能耗和网络），以便跨部门和校园相互学习和协作。

Proposal #: CNS 08-21597PI(s): Cui, Jun-Hong (June) Babb, Ivar G.; Shi, Zhijie; Torgersen, Thomas; Zhou, ShengliInstitution: University of Connecticut Storrs, CT 06269-1133Title: MRI/Dev.: Dev. of Instrumentation for an Autonomous Underwater Sensor Network SystemProject Proposed:This project, developing instrumentation for a scalable autonomous underwater sensor network (UWSN) system, contributes better sensing and surveillance technology to acquire better data to understand the spatial and temporal complexities of the oceans. The instrumentation includes the development of high data rate acoustic modems (Aqua-Modems), energy efficient integrated underwater nodes (Aqua-Motes), and experimental underwater sensor network (lab and field) testbeds. The Aqua-Modems lead the new generation of acoustic modem design supporting two features: - High data rate and robust data transmission and - Advanced networking functionalities.The aqua-Motes will be the first generation of 'true' integrated underwater sensor nodes, similar to Berkeley Motes for terrestrial sensor networks. The two types of Aqua-Motes will be constructed with different processors for easy adaptation to a wide range of applications. The lab and field testbeds with Aqua-Modems and Aqua-Motes will be used to test various algorithms and protocols designed for UWSNs. UWSNs are novel and significantly different from any terrestrial sensor network. Due to the high coefficient of electromagnetic absorption, radio does not work well in water. Instead, acoustic communication is usually employed. The unique characteristics of acoustic underwater communication, such as low bandwidth, long propagation delay, and high error rate, pose grand challenges to underwater acoustic modem and network designers as existing terrestrial wireless sensor network techniques cannot be applied. New research at every level of the protocol suite and new experimental instrumentation are needed to implement, test, and compare design alternatives and potential solutions. This instrument enables the latter to address the continuing and growing interest in observing oceanic processes as they evolve. There is an increasing need to monitor the marine environment for commercial exploration, coastline protection, and tracking processes that contribute to the observed complexity. By deploying distributed and scalable sensor networks in a 3-dimensional underwater space, each underwater sensor can monitor and detect environmental parameters and events locally. Processes occur within the water mass as it advects and disperses within the environment in the dynamic ocean system. Therefore a langrangian observation system with passively mobile sensors (with water currents) allows observation of oceanic processes in situ on appropriate time and space scales. A self-organizing network of lagrangian sensors also provides better support for sensing, monitoring, surveillance, scheduling, underwater control, and fault tolerance. Thus, the UWSN will provide this support.Broader Impacts: This project promotes progress on the multiple issues facing UWSNs towards practical solutions in a wide range of applications. Furthermore, it impacts education in several fronts: supporting graduate students in their advanced research and undergraduates summer interns (including community college students participating in programs that promote STEM disciplines to underserved minorities) and bringing together investigators from different disciplines (e.g., ocean science, sensors, low energy, and networking) to learn from each other and collaborate across departments and campuses.