MRI: Development of Pulsar-based Power Grid Timing Instrumentation and Technology

MRI：基于脉冲星的电网授时仪器和技术的发展

• 批准号: 1920025
• 负责人: Yilu Liu
• 金额: $ 100万
• 依托单位: University of Tennessee Knoxville
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1920025&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: MRI; Development; Pulsar; based; Power

Power grids are vital links to achieve the essential continuity of electricity service from power plants to end-users. Wide-area measurement systems monitor bulk power grids and provide critical information for understanding and responding to power system disturbances to prevent blackouts. Existing wide-area measurement systems in the U.S. rely on the Global Navigation Satellite System (or GPS) to provide the timing source. However, GPS signals are vulnerable to malicious attacks. As many critical infrastructures depend on power systems, the increasing reliance of modern power systems on GPS has created a major risk for security of the U.S. economy and critical infrastructures. This project will develop a reliable pulsar-based timing system where the timing source is physically indestructible. Such a reliable timing system will improve the resilience of next generation U.S. power grids, and many other industry sectors that requires reliable and secure time synchronization, including communication systems, transportation systems, and the emergency service sector. The instrument will also provide many education resources and opportunities for K-12 and STEM students.The project's primary goal is to develop a pulsar-based timing instrument that is capable of providing accurate and stable timing signals that are immune to physical attacks and potentially revolutionize timing technologies. In particular, pulsar timing could reduce the dependency of modern electric power system on GNSS. This instrument will include four major parts, including: (1) a radio telescope array for pulsar signal reception; (2) a pulsar signal transmission and processing system to filter out noises and extract millisecond timing pulses from pulsar signals; (3) a timing signal generation system to output high-precision timing pulse; and (4) a timing distribution system to distribute the time signal generated by pulsar receiver system to power system devices. This instrument can facilitate a variety of cutting-edge research activities, including detection of GNSS outages and attacks, development of pulsar timing-based power system controllers, and integration with related GNSS/NTP/hybrid timing technologies. This instrument will become the first timing source that introduces celestial timing technology into industry applications and will also enable a series of applications that may have broad impacts on many other engineering systems that require accurate and secure time synchronization.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

电网是实现从发电厂到最终用户的电力服务基本连续性的重要环节。广域测量系统监控大规模电网，并提供关键信息，以了解和应对电力系统干扰，以防止停电。美国现有的广域测量系统依赖于全球导航卫星系统（或GPS）来提供定时源。然而，GPS信号很容易受到恶意攻击。由于许多关键基础设施依赖于电力系统，现代电力系统对GPS的日益依赖已经对美国经济和关键基础设施的安全造成了重大风险。该项目将开发一个可靠的脉冲星定时系统，其中定时源是物理上坚不可摧的。这种可靠的定时系统将提高下一代美国电网的弹性，以及许多其他需要可靠和安全时间同步的行业，包括通信系统，运输系统和紧急服务部门。该仪器还将为K-12和STEM学生提供许多教育资源和机会。该项目的主要目标是开发一种基于脉冲星的计时仪器，能够提供精确稳定的计时信号，不受物理攻击，并可能彻底改变计时技术。特别是，脉冲星定时可减少现代电力系统对全球导航卫星系统的依赖。该仪器将包括四个主要部分：（1）用于脉冲星信号接收的射电望远镜阵列;（2）脉冲星信号传输和处理系统，用于从脉冲星信号中滤除噪声和提取毫秒定时脉冲;（3）定时信号产生系统，用于输出高精度定时脉冲;以及（4）定时分配系统，用于将脉冲星接收系统产生的时间信号分配给电力系统设备。该仪器可以促进各种尖端研究活动，包括检测GNSS中断和攻击，开发基于脉冲星定时的电力系统控制器，以及与相关GNSS/NTP/混合定时技术集成。该仪器将成为第一个将天体计时技术引入工业应用的计时源，也将使一系列应用成为可能，这些应用可能对许多其他需要精确和安全时间同步的工程系统产生广泛影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Pulsar-Calibrated Timing Source for Synchronized Sampling

• DOI: 10.1109/tsg.2021.3127396
• 发表时间: 2022-03-01
• 期刊: IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SMART GRID
• 影响因子: 9.6
• 作者: Qiu, Wei;Yin, He;Liu, Yilu
• 通讯作者: Liu, Yilu

Precise Timing Based on Pulsar Observation for Grid Synchronization

基于脉冲星观测的电网同步精准授时

• DOI: 10.1109/isgt49243.2021.9372160
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: 2021 IEEE Power & Energy Society Innovative Smart Grid Technologies Conference (ISGT
• 作者: Luo, Xiqian;Yin, He;Qiu, Wei;Zhang, Liang;Liu, Yilu
• 通讯作者: Liu, Yilu

Pulsar Based Timing for Grid Synchronization

• DOI: 10.1109/tia.2021.3057352
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: W. Qiu;H. Yin;Liang Zhang;Xiqian Luo;Weikang Wang;Yilu Liu;Wenxuan Yao;L. Zhan;P. Fuhr;Thomas J King

Pulsar Based Alternative Timing Source for Grid Synchronization and Operation

用于电网同步和操作的基于 Pulsar 的替代定时源

• DOI: 10.1109/access.2020.3015202
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: IEEE Access
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: Yin, He;Liu, Yilu;Fuhr, Peter L.;Rodriguez, Marissa Morales;Morganti, Margaret;Monday, William;Richards, Jason;Rooke, Sterling Sean
• 通讯作者: Rooke, Sterling Sean

Analog Front-End: Circuit of Pulsar-Based Timing Synchronization for the WAMS

• DOI: 10.1109/tia.2022.3145783
• 发表时间: 2022-03
• 期刊: IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: W. Qiu;H. Yin;Liang Zhang;Xiqian Luo;Yuru Wu;Kaiqi Sun;Wenxuan Yao;Shutang You;Yilu Liu