SBIR Phase II: Clock-on-Demand: High Performance, Ultra Low Power

该小型企业创新研究第二阶段研究项目旨在开发标签和阅读器的原型和概念验证，该标签和阅读器使用创新的低功耗按需时钟(CoD)和基带/媒体访问控制器(MAC)校准算法，用于超宽带通信系统。新的CoD和算法的动机是超宽带在RFID(射频识别)市场的应用。在该原型系统中，标签的CoD和基带/MAC层算法在标准的CMOS板上实现，阅读器的UWB接收机和窄带接收机采用分立器件实现。低功率要求通过CoD和通过将时间划分为历元以及将历元划分为时隙来实现。CoD仅运行，直到标签在相关时隙中发送其脉冲，并且读取器通过时隙编号对所有标签的ID表示进行解码。因此，如果一个历元被分成210个时隙，则按标签的脉冲表示10比特的信息。健壮性是通过在标签中具有UWB脉冲发射器并通过在不同历元中重复脉冲来实现的。RFID是一个呈指数级增长的市场。然而，支持其扩展的技术不能在标签和读取器之间提供健壮的通信和信令。此外，今天？S技术只支持低标签密度(10s标签/秒)，而将推动RFID市场指数级扩张的应用，如销售点、库存管理、货架管理等，需要100s和1000s/秒的标签。

This Small Business Innovation Research Phase II research project is to develop a prototype and proof of concept for the tag and reader that uses an innovative low power Clock-on-Demand (CoD) and baseband/ media access controller (MAC) calibration algorithm to be used with ultra wideband communication systems. The new CoD and algorithm are motivated by application of ultra wideband to the RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) market. In this prototype, the CoD and the baseband/MAC layer algorithm are implemented in standard CMOS for tag and the UWB receiver and narrowband receiver with discrete components for reader. The low power requirement is achieved by the CoD and by dividing the time into epochs and epochs into slots. The CoD only runs until the tag transmits its impulse in the relevant slot, and the reader decodes the ID representations of all tags by the slot number. Therefore, if an epoch is divided into 210 slots, an impulse by tag represents 10 bits of the information. The robustness is achieved by having an UWB impulse transmitter in the tag and by repeating the impulse in different epochs. RFID is an exponentially growing market. However, the technology that supports its expansion is not able to provide robust communication and signaling between a tag and a reader. Furthermore, today?s technology only supports a low tag density (10s of tags/sec), while the applications that will fuel the exponential expansion of the RFID market, like point-of-sale, inventory management, shelf management, etc., require 100s and 1000s of tags/sec.