Collaborative Research: Reconstruction of a continuous, high-resolution record of late Quaternary paleohydrology and paleoclimate of the Amazon basin

贝克/霍兰德摘要该奖项将提供资金，重建亚马逊盆地气候变化的高分辨率，30,000年的记录，并重建一个高分辨率的记录，南北海表面温度（SST）梯度的西赤道大西洋化石有孔虫地球化学。实地工作将包括对亚马逊海底峡谷和扇复合体北部和南部的上大陆坡进行高分辨率Chirp地震反射剖面测量，以确保取芯地点沉积物的连续性和整合性，并利用Knorr号研究船新的长芯取芯能力收集一套新的活塞岩心和表层多岩心。分析研究将侧重于两个“目标”岩心，一个在亚马逊扇北部，一个在亚马逊扇南部，利用粘土矿物学来阐明陆地沉积物来源，对南极有孔虫进行配对分析，分析微量元素比率（Mg/Ca和Ba/Ca）和氧同位素，以确定百年尺度分辨率的SST和盐度。Alkenone UK 37和D/H分析将作为SST和SSS的补充措施进行。最后，丰富的分析和D/H和d13 C测量陆源植物蜡将进行评估大陆水文和植被的变化在冰川-冰消-全新世气候过渡。研究所还将产生花粉时间序列，以确定主要植被类型的变化是否与气候变化有关。更广泛的影响包括与巴西科学家紧密联系的国际合作，研究生和本科生参与这项研究的所有阶段，以及对地球关键热带地区气候变化的研究。

Baker/Hollander AbstractThis award will provide funds to reconstruct a high-resolution, 30,000 year record of Amazon Basin climate change and to reconstruct a high-resolution record of the North-South sea surface temperature (SST) gradient of the western equatorial Atlantic from fossil foraminifera geochemistry. Fieldwork will consist of high resolution Chirp seismic reflection profiling of the upper continental slope north and south of the Amazon submarine canyon and fan complex to ensure continuous and conformable sediment deposition at the coring site and the collection of a new suite of piston cores and surface multi cores using the new long coring capability on the R/V Knorr. Analytical research will focus on two "target" cores, one north and one south of the Amazon fan, employing clay mineralogy to elucidate terrestrial sediment sources, paired analyses of planktonic foraminifer with minor element ratios (Mg/Ca and Ba/Ca) and oxygen isotopes to determine SST and salinity (SSS) at centennial scale resolution. Alkenone Uk37 and D/H analyses on algal lipids will be conducted as complementary measures of SST and SSS. Finally, abundance analysis and D/H and d13C measurements of terrigenous plant waxes will be conducted to assess continental hydrological and vegetation variability across the glacial-deglacial-Holocene climatic transition. The PIs will also produce a pollen time series to determine whether changes in major vegetation type were associated with changes in climate. Broader Impacts include a tightly linked international collaboration with Brazilian scientists, the involvement of graduate and undergraduate students in all phases of this research and the study of climate variability in a critical tropical region of the planet.