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Collaborative Research: Testing Next Generation Measurement Techniques for Reconstruction of Paleoclimate Archives from Thin or Disturbed Ice Cores Sections

合作研究：测试下一代测量技术，从薄冰芯或受扰动的冰芯部分重建古气候档案

基本信息

批准号：
2149519
负责人：
Andrei Kurbatov
金额：
$ 24.99万
依托单位：
University of Maine
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-08-01 至 2024-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2149519&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Testing Next Generation

项目摘要

Ice cores provide valuable records of past climate such as atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gasses and unmatched evidence of past abrupt climate change. Key to understanding past climate changes are the measurements of annual layers that are used to determine the age of the ice, and the timing and pace of major climate events. The current measurement limit for annual layers in ice cores is at the centimeter scale. This project aims to improve the depth resolution of measurements of the chemical impurities in ice using measurements such as electrical conductivity, hyperspectral imaging, major elements measured with laser ablation, and ice grain properties. This will advance understanding of the preservation and layering in ice cores and improve the accuracy and length of annual timescales for existing ice cores.Most of the past time preserved in an ice core is near the bed where the layers have been thinned to only a fraction of their original thickness. Interpreting highly compressed portions of ice cores is increasingly important as projects target climate records in basal ice, and old ice recovered from blue-ice areas. This project will integrate precisely co-registered electrical conductivity measurements, hyperspectral imaging, laser ablation mass spectrometer measurements of impurities, and ice physical properties to investigate sub-centimeter chemical and physical variations in polar ice. Critical to resolving thin ice layers is understanding the across-core variations that may obscure or distort the vertical layering. Analyses will be focused on samples from the WDC-06A (WAIS Divide), SPC-14 (South Pole), and GISP2 (Greenland Ice Sheet Project 2) ice cores that have well-established seasonal cycles that yielded benchmark timescales, as well a large-diameter ice core from the Allan Hills blue ice area. This work will develop state-of-the-art instrumentation and FAIR (findable, accessible, interoperable, and reusable) data handling workflow at the National Science Foundation Ice Core Facility available to the community both to enhance understanding of existing ice cores, and for use in future projects.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

冰芯提供了过去气候的宝贵记录，如大气中温室气体的浓度，以及过去气候突变的无可比拟的证据。了解过去气候变化的关键是对年冰层的测量，用来确定冰层的年龄，以及主要气候事件的时间和速度。目前对冰芯年层的测量极限是厘米尺度。该项目旨在通过电导率、高光谱成像、激光烧蚀测量的主要元素和冰粒特性等测量方法，提高冰中化学杂质测量的深度分辨率。这将促进对冰芯保存和分层的理解，并提高现有冰芯年时间尺度的准确性和长度。过去保存在冰芯中的大部分时间都在床附近，那里的冰层已经薄到只有原始厚度的一小部分。解释冰芯高度压缩的部分变得越来越重要，因为项目的目标是基底冰的气候记录，以及从蓝冰区恢复的旧冰。该项目将整合精确的共登记电导率测量、高光谱成像、杂质激光烧蚀质谱仪测量和冰的物理性质，以研究极地冰的亚厘米化学和物理变化。解决薄冰层问题的关键是了解可能模糊或扭曲垂直分层的跨核变化。分析将集中在WDC-06A （WAIS分水岭）、SPC-14（南极）和GISP2（格陵兰冰盖项目2）冰芯的样本上，这些样本具有确定的季节周期，可以产生基准时间尺度，以及来自艾伦山蓝冰区的大直径冰芯。这项工作将在国家科学基金会冰芯设施中开发最先进的仪器和FAIR（可查找、可访问、可互操作和可重复使用）数据处理工作流，以增强对现有冰芯的了解，并用于未来的项目。该奖项反映了美国国家科学基金会的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。