New Generation of Lab on Chip Separators based on Independent Fluid and Analyte Control

生物分子的高效分离、检测和鉴定对于医学诊断、生物工程、基因组分析和疾病控制具有极其重要的意义。这并不总是容易的，因为生物分析物通常具有非常相似的特征，例如它们的分子电荷和大小。该项目的目标是通过解耦流体的电渗透运输和溶质的电泳迁移，开发一种分离和传感生物分子（大DNA片段和蛋白质）的新方法。这将通过我们最近开发的新元件-由交流（AC）场供电的半导体二极管泵来完成。分析物将通过直流（DC）独立地进行电泳操作。此外，我们建议探索一类新的微观装置状粒子的制造和性能，这些粒子可以自行移动、感知和响应生化刺激。自推进粒子将是微二极管，从全球交流场或通过控制溶质释放的渗透梯度驱动的介结构实体中收集运动能量。该合作项目涉及电动力学现象和传输，电动力学，表面科学和生物分子溶液动力学的基础研究。我们将揭示利用交流电场供电的半导体元件作为智能粒子和微型设备的原理，这些设备可以自主移动或抽水，并对化学刺激做出反应。该研究计划的成功实施将为生物医学工程、蛋白质组学和DNA测序、医学诊断、微流控反应器设计、传感和检测等领域带来一系列全新的机会。我们将为设计和操作用于操纵液体和溶质的新型主动控制和动态可重构流体电子芯片奠定基础。我们将开发的设备中分离的主要对象将是兆基DNA，这对于基因组应用（如基因分型和克隆文库的纯化）非常重要。兆碱基范围（109 Da）的DNA通常使用平板凝胶电泳分离；然而，标准凝胶只能解析75 kb以内的片段，因为较大片段的分辨率很差。我们的技术将避免这个问题，并可以成为在芯片上快速原型的关键。该计划将为化学和生物工程、芯片实验室和微反应器设计领域未来工程项目的发展奠定基础。它将有助于一代研究生的教育，他们将面对新兴的微尺度和纳米尺度技术的挑战。新墨西哥大学、北卡州立大学和RPI之间的合作将有助于扩大这三个机构的研究和教育活动。它将允许研究生交换和接触不同的研究和学术环境。该项目的PI还将访问合作院校，参加研讨会并为研究生和本科生提供特定主题的讲座。本申请中提出的研究将加强新墨西哥大学、北卡州立大学和RPI的教育和推广活动。它将为研究生提供研究课题。它还将用新的实验丰富现有的本科生实验室模块，并用于创新的动手本科生研究项目。此外，它还将通过更新课程、参与K-12教师培训讲习班和向该州其他学校推广来促进教学、培训和学习。

CBET-0828900PetsevHighly efficient separation, detection and identification of biomolecules are extremely important for medical diagnostics, bioengineering, genome analysis, and disease control. This is not always easy because the biological analytes often have very similar characteristics, such as their molecular charge and size. The objective of this project is to develop a novel method for the separation and sensing of biomolecules (large DNA fragments and proteins) by decoupling the electroosmotic transport of the fluid from the electrophoretic migration of the solutes. This will be accomplished by means of new elements which we developed recently - semiconductor diode pumps powered by an alternate current (AC) field. The analytes will be independently manipulated electrophoretically by a direct current (DC). In addition, we propose to explore the fabrication and properties of a new class of microscopic device-like particles that can move, sense and respond to biochemical stimuli on their own. The self-propelling particles will be microdiodes that harvest energy for their motion from a global AC field or mesostructured entities that are driven by osmotic gradients through a controlled solute releaseThis collaborative project involves fundamental studies of electrokinetic phenomena and transport, electrodynamics, surface science, and biomolecular solution dynamics. We will reveal the principles for using semiconductor elements powered by AC fields as smart particles and microdevices that autonomously move or pump water and respond to chemical stimuli. The successful execution of the proposed research program will open a completely new range of opportunities in the areas of biomedical engineering, proteomics and DNA sequencing, medical diagnostics, microfluidic reactor design, sensing and detection. We will establish the foundation for the design and operation of new actively controlled and dynamically reconfigurable fluidic-electronic chips for manipulating liquids and solutes. A major object for separation in the devices that we will develop will be megabase DNA, which is important for genomic applications such as genotyping and purification of clone libraries. DNA in the megabase range (109 Da) is commonly separated using slab gel electrophoresis; however, standard gels only resolve fragments up to 75 kb, since resolution for larger fragments is poor. Our technique will avoid this problem and can become a key in rapid prototyping on a chip. The program will establish the foundation for the development of future engineering projects in the areas of chemical and bioengineering, lab-on-a-chip and microreactor design. It will help the education of generation of graduate students who will face the challenges of the emerging microscale and nanoscale technologies. The collaboration between UNM, NCSU and RPI will help expanding research and educational activities in all three institutions. It will allow for graduate student exchange and exposure to diverse research and academic environments. The PI's of the project will also visit the partner institutions to participate in seminars and present lectures on specific topics to graduate and undergraduate students The research proposed in this application will reinforce the educational and outreach activities at UNM, NCSU and RPI. It will provide research topics for graduate students. It will also enrich the existing undergraduate laboratory modules with new experiments and be used in innovative hands-on undergraduate research projects. In addition, it will promote teaching, training and learning through an update of the curriculum, participation in K-12 teacher's training workshops and outreach to other schools in the state.