CAREER: An Integrated Research/Educational Plan for Advancing RF Superconductivity for Particle Accelerators

提案编号：0841213机构：康奈尔大学NSF物理学？ELEMENTARY PARTICLE ACCEL USERPRINCIPAL MANUFACTOR：Liepe，Matthias U..标题：职业：推进粒子加速器射频超导性的综合研究/教育计划本提案要求部分支持一项研究计划，以系统地表征超导体的射频（RF）表面电阻，以推进粒子加速器的超导微波腔，并支持一项涉及社区学院教师和学生的教育和推广计划。这将在康奈尔大学加速器科学与教育实验室进行。超导射频（SRF）加速腔的最终性能取决于两个因素：在没有电击穿的情况下可以实现的最大加速梯度，以及在接近该最大梯度时的腔Q（或质量因子）。Q越高，实现最大梯度所需的功率越少，因此构造和操作加速器的成本越低。在给定的激发水平下，腔的最佳Q与腔壁材料的RF表面电阻有关，并且该表面电阻又与表面处的最大RF磁场有关，其方式既非常依赖于样品，又在理论上知之甚少。该研究计划的重点将是研究限制SRF腔中本征Q的机制，以及提高Q的方法。研究这些课题的主要注意力将放在超导体铌上，这是当今SRF腔体的首选材料。作为一个附属主题的A-15超导体Nb 3Sn提供最高的本征品质因数腔的潜力将被探索。在研究这些主题时，获得统计上有意义的数据至关重要。该提案通过开发用于测试小材料样品的快速周转的主腔来解决这一挑战。新一代改进的超导射频腔将通过改善未来粒子加速器的能量范围、性能和科学潜力，对基于加速器的科学和工程产生变革性的广泛影响。这些下一代加速器将满足粒子物理、核物理、中子科学、X射线科学和自由电子激光的需求。此外，这项研究为未来几代加速器科学家和工程师提供了教育，这是高需求的。最后，该提案还包括一项计划，专门为社区大学生提供物理科学研究机会，鼓励他们从事科学，技术或科学教育事业。这一庞大而关键的学生群体通常只能获得非常有限的或根本无法获得尖端研究机会，而拟议的试点项目解决了这一公认但大多未解决的问题。

PROPOSAL NUMBER: 0841213INSTITUTION: Cornell UniversityNSF PROGRAM: PHY ? ELEMENTARY PARTICLE ACCEL USERPRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: Liepe, Matthias U..TITLE: CAREER: An Integrated Research/Educational Plan for Advancing RF Superconductivity for Particle AcceleratorsThis proposal requests partial support for a program of research to systematically characterize the radio-frequency(RF) surface resistance of superconductors to advance superconducting microwave cavities for particle accelerators and for an education and outreach program involving community college faculty and students in the research. This will be carried out at the Cornell Laboratory for Accelerator-based Sciences and Education at Cornell University.The ultimate performance of a superconducting radio-frequency (SRF) accelerating cavity is governed by two factors: the maximum accelerating gradient that can be achieved without electrical breakdown, and the cavity Q (or Quality factor) when operating near this maximum gradient. The higher the Q, the less power required to achieve the maximum gradient, and therefore the less cost to both construct and operate the accelerator. The optimal Q of a cavity at a given level of excitation is related to the RF surface resistance of the cavity wall material, and this surface resistance is in turn related to the maximum RF magnetic field at the surface in a way that is both very sample dependent and theoretically poorly understood. The focus of the proposed research program will be on studying the mechanisms that limit the intrinsic Q in SRF cavities, and ways to improve Q. The primary attention in studying these topics will be on the superconductor niobium, which is the material of choice today for SRF cavities. As a subsidiary topic the potential of the A-15 superconductor Nb3Sn for providing highest intrinsic quality factor cavities will be explored. In studying these topics it will be of critical importance to get statistically significant data. This proposal addresses this challenge by developing a host cavity for testing small material samples with fast turnaround. A new generation of improved superconducting rf cavities would have transformative, broad impact across accelerator-based sciences and engineering by improving the energy reach, performance and scientific potential of future particle accelerators. These next generation accelerators will fulfill the needs for particle physics, nuclear physics, neutron science, X-ray science and free-electron lasers. In addition, this research provides for the education of future generations of accelerator scientists and engineers, which are in high demand. Finally, this proposal includes a program to provide research opportunities in the physical sciences specifically for community college students to encourage them to pursue careers in science, technology, or science education. This large and critical group of students usually has very limited or no access to cutting-edge research opportunities and the proposed pilot program addresses this well-recognized, but mostly unaddressed issue.