Individualisation and Control. A qualitative Inquiry in Primary Schools

本研究项目旨在分析小学个别化教学形式。特别是在不同类型的进步教育环境中，学生有机会单独决定他们想要花时间做什么，并鼓励他们独立工作。这些个性化的课堂设置通常被称为开放教育。该项目的主要兴趣是重建这些环境中教师和学生的实际需求。在民族志观察和对学生和教师行为的详细描述的基础上，分析的重点是课堂行为和互动的结构模式。特别注意的是关于开放教育环境中学习过程的机会的教学问题。最后，本研究的目的是在经验上为教学的一般理论做出贡献。为了识别教学文化的潜在差异，实地调查的样本包括具有不同教学取向的德国学校。

The research project aims at analyzing individualized forms of teaching in elementary schools. Especially in different kinds of progressive educational settings pupils are given the opportunity to individually decide what they want to spend they time doing and are encouraged to work independently. These individualized classroom settings are often referred to as open education. The main interest of the project is to reconstruct the practical demands for teachers and pupils in these settings. On the basis of ethnographic observations and detailed descriptions of the actions of pupils and teachers the analysis focuses on the structural patterns of classroom actions and interactions. Special attention is paid to the didactical question concerning the opportunities for learning processes in open educational settings. Finally the project aims at empirically contributing to a general theory of teaching. In order to identify potential differences in pedagogical culture, the sample of the field work includes German schools with different pedagogical orientation.