CAREER: Research, Education, and Capacity Building - Genomic Structure of Native Peruvian Populations

该奖项是根据2009年美国复苏和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。CAREER项目将下一代分子遗传学与积极的教育策略结合起来，为基因组学的学生和专业人员做好准备，并向公众宣传科学的重要性。研究提出的问题是：人类人口多样性的地理格局是什么？以及，移民、环境和文化是如何塑造这种模式的？解决这些问题为生物和医学科学的许多领域提供了基础，包括自然选择的研究，疾病易感基因的研究，以及归因于现代基因交换的疾病关联研究中的混淆因素的处理。秘鲁将作为一个理想的案例研究：1)迄今为止，秘鲁只有一个种群在基因组水平上进行了研究；2)秘鲁生态多样，有沙漠、高原和亚马逊丛林；秘鲁拥有极其丰富的史前文化和广泛的现代语言和种族多样性。基因组数据将提供有关移民的性别偏见模式、土著和非土著民族之间的遗传混合程度以及地理和语言障碍对人类遗传多样性模式的作用的信息。遗传数据包括线粒体基因组和对15个地理上分散的土著种群的800个重复基序的全基因组调查。这些新数据将与先前公布的数据相结合，提供迄今为止最广泛的人类基因组样本。教育活动将考虑到生物科学方面不同层次的训练，从而达到广泛的受众。其中包括为高中和社区大学教师举办年度专业发展研讨会，为本科生开设遗传学课程和实践经验，为研究生开设基因组学课程和实践培训，在秘鲁开展能力建设，利用在线课程进行公共教育，以及通过项目网站传播研究成果。该项目将雇用一名西班牙裔的专业全职技术人员，在研究期间将有一些本科生和研究生作为研究实习生参与。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).The CAREER project integrates next-generation molecular genetics with an aggressive education strategy to prepare students and professionals in genomics and to communicate the importance of science to the public. The research questions asked are: What is the geographic pattern of human population diversity? and, How have migrations, the environment, and culture shaped this pattern? Addressing these questions provides a foundation for numerous fields of biological and medical science including the study of natural selection, the search for disease predisposing genes, and the handling of confounding factors in disease association research that are attributed to modern genetic exchange.The country of Peru will serve as a ideal case study: 1) to date, only one population in Peru has been studied at a genomic level; 2) Peru is ecologically diverse, with deserts, high plateaus, and the Amazon Jungle; 3) Peru has an extremely rich cultural prehistory and extensive present-day linguistic and ethnic diversity. The genomic data will be informative of sex-biased patterns of migration, the extent of genetic admixture between native and non-native peoples, and the role of geographic and linguistic barriers on patterns of human genetic diversity. The genetic data includes mitochondrial genomes and a genome-wide survey of 800 repeat motifs for 15 geographically dispersed native populations. These novel data will be integrated with previously published data providing the most extensive genomic sampling of human populations to date. Education activities will reach a broad audience by accounting for varied levels of training in biological science. They include an annual professional development workshop for high school and community college teachers, a course and hands-on experience in genetics for undergraduate students, courses and hands-on training in genomics for graduate students, capacity building in Peru, public education using an online course, and the dissemination of the research by a project website. This project will employ one professional, full-time technician who is Hispanic, and a number of undergraduate and graduate students will participate as research interns during the duration of the research.