Collaborative Research: Reconstructing millennial-scale trends and variability in western Pacific convection and hydrology from large lakes on Sulawesi, central Indonesia

该奖项是根据2009年美国恢复和再投资法案（公法111-5）资助的。该赠款支持印度尼西亚晚更新世和全新世对流和水文变化的研究，通过恢复和分析苏拉威西岛两个大湖的新沉积物岩心。这项研究建立在这些湖泊的地震反射调查，记录厚桩沉积物积累的速率理想的古气候研究，并在地球化学和同位素分析现有的短核心，表明在过去的时间内，区域对流和水文的重大变化。四百年了该小组将从这些湖泊中采集新的沉积物岩心，并进行多重代理分析，以重建晚更新世和全新世期间的对流和水文变化。这项工作将为印度尼西亚对流和水文的历史、ITCZ的变化以及晚更新世和全新世期间热带太平洋纬向梯度的长期变化提供至关重要的新见解。知识价值：该研究在两个关键领域：1）在过去气候变化期间，ITCZ和ENSO等耦合气候系统的区域响应，（2）过去气候突变的区域影响。印度尼西亚降雨和水文的年际变化与厄尔尼诺/南方涛动的变化有关。了解自然变率模式的长期变化，如厄尔尼诺/南方涛动在气候突变中的作用是一个关键问题，但现有记录在西太平洋水文对气候突变的反应方面存在很大分歧。这些湖泊的气候记录将为评估热带西太平洋对流和水文的百年至千年尺度趋势和变率，以及热带太平洋平均状态、区域季风和ITCZ在过去气候变化期间的强度和位置之间的相互作用提供至关重要的数据。拟议的研究活动将提供一个人口稠密、发展迅速的区域的气候变异性的新记录，在该区域，粮食生产已在数量上与厄尔尼诺/南方涛动造成的降雨量变异性联系起来。马塔诺湖和Towuti湖已被提议作为大陆钻探的重要地点，以获得来自热带太平洋的长期古环境记录，我们的野外工作将为科学界提供来自这些具有科学价值但研究不足的五大湖的新沉积物岩心和地震反射数据。拟议的研究将通过本科生和研究生的参与促进跨学科的培训和学习，努力扩大我们对一个重要地区气候变化的基本知识。该项目还将通过加强PI，印度尼西亚，加拿大科学家和机构以及工业界之间的知识和研究合作，以及通过支持布朗大学和明尼苏达大学的基础设施，加强研究和教育基础设施。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).This grant supports research on late Pleistocene and Holocene convective and hydrologic variability in Indonesia through the recovery and analysis of new sediment cores from two large lakes on the island of Sulawesi. This research builds upon seismic reflection surveys of these lakes that document thick piles of sediment accumulating at rates ideal for paleoclimate studies, and upon geochemical and isotopic analyses of existing short cores that indicate substantial changes in regional convection and hydrology during the past ca. 400 years. This group will recover new sediment cores from these lakes, and conduct multiproxy analyses to reconstruct convective and hydrologic variability during the late Pleistocene and Holocene. This work will provide fundamentally important new insights into the history of Indonesian convection and hydrology, changes in the ITCZ, and long-term changes in tropical Pacific zonal gradients in during the late Pleistocene and Holocene.Intellectual Merits: The research is in two key areas: 1) The regional responses of coupled climate systems such as the ITCZ and ENSO during past climate changes, and 2) The regional impact of past abrupt changes in climate. Interannual variability in Indonesian rainfall and hydrology are linked to variations in ENSO. Understanding the role of long-term changes in natural modes of variability such as ENSO in abrupt climate change is a critical question, yet existing records disagree substantially on the response of western Pacific hydrology to abrupt climate changes. Records of climate from these lakes will provide fundamentally important data to evaluate centennial- to millennial-scale trends and variability in tropical western Pacific convection and hydrology, and interactions between the mean state of the tropical Pacific, the regional monsoons, and the strength and position of the ITCZ during past climate changes.Broader Impacts: The proposed research activities will provide a new record of climate variability from a densely inhabited, rapidly developing region where food production has been quantitatively linked to ENSO-driven rainfall variability. Lakes Matano and Towuti have been proposed as important sites for continental drilling to obtain long paleoenvironmental records from the tropical Pacific, and our fieldwork will provide new sediment cores and seismic reflection data to the scientific community from these scientifically valuable but understudied great lakes. The proposed research will promote interdisciplinary training and learning through involvement of undergraduate and graduate students in an effort to expand our fundamental knowledge of climate variability in an important region. The project will also enhance infrastructure for research and education by strengthening intellectual and research collaborations between the PIs, Indonesian, Canadian scientists and institutions, and industry, and through support of infrastructure at Brown University and the University of Minnesota.