Collaborative Research:At the Interface of LHC Theory and Experiment

大型强子对撞机是世界上最重要的高能物理实验设备，它将探测比以往更短的距离和更高的能量。它将研究导致许多自然现象的弱相互作用，并寻找已知基本粒子质量的起源，已知基本粒子来自希格斯机制，其确切性质尚不清楚。大型强子对撞机还可能揭示暗物质，并可能通过发现额外维度或超对称，彻底改变我们对时空的理解。一个完整的大型强子对撞机研究计划需要能够在理论和实验之间工作的专家。这个项目旨在加强高级研究所（IAS）和罗格斯大学理论小组之间的这种联系，它们已经与罗格斯大学和普林斯顿大学的实验小组和普林斯顿理论小组密切合作。其目的是通过雇佣和主持专家，为从事大型强子对撞机物理研究的理论家和实验学家提供所需的工具和知识，来扩大他们的大型强子对撞机研究项目，以缩小位于理论/实验界面的科学差距。这将极大地扩大这些机构的LHC研究范围，特别是协助人员密集型活动，包括标准模型背景研究，蒙特卡罗工具的开发，以及对新物理的搜索策略的调查。pi将参与开发新的模型来描述超越标准模型物理学，以及创建一个有效的理论方法来直接分析和解释来自大型强子对撞机的结果。提出的研究包括研究背景去除，使用蒙特卡罗工具。如果在大型强子对撞机上发现了一个新的信号，无论是独立于模型的方法还是完全依赖于模型的方法都不合适。PIs建议，一旦在大型强子对撞机上看到一个信号，他们将继续建立一个“模型片段”，在许多情况下，它将采取“壳上有效理论”（OSET）的形式。在第一次大型强子对撞机奥林匹克研讨会上，pi在成功的分析中使用了模型片段，并进一步发展为蒙特卡罗工具，以供更广泛的使用。其核心思想是建立一个半一致的理论框架来预测LHC信号，而不需要完全一致的tev尺度理论，或者在OSET的情况下，可能甚至不需要完全一致的有效拉格朗日量。pi还将研究多个软射流对重建和分析的影响。更广泛的影响是在东海岸建立一个大型强子对撞机中心的核心。IAS和罗格斯大学以及普林斯顿大学将形成这样一个中心的核心，帮助巩固和加强东海岸分散但实质性的研究项目，目前这些研究项目分散在许多机构中。特别是，通过培养新生和扩大理论/实验接口的博士后，随着时间的推移，它将有助于加强整个美国粒子物理社区。此外，通过举办培训和研究讲习班，它将直接使其他机构受益，特别是当地和区域附近的机构。最直接的是，快速反应研讨会将促进美国社会对大型强子对撞机事件做出更迅速的反应。这些项目还计划在成功的“大型强子对撞机奥运会”模式的基础上进行一系列训练，以帮助培养年轻学生，并对高能理论更正式领域的博士后进行再培训。

The LHC is the world's foremost high-energy physics experimental facility, and will probe distances shorter, and energies higher, than ever before. It will examine the weak interactions, responsible for many natural phenomena, and seek the origin of the masses of the known fundamental particles, known to arise from a Higgs mechanism whose precise nature remains unclear. The LHC might also shed light on dark matter, and might revolutionize our understanding of space-time, through discovery of extra dimensions or Supersymmetry. A full LHC research program requires experts who can work at and across the interface between theory and experiment. This project is aimed at strengthening this interface at the Institute for Advanced Study (IAS) and Rutgers University theory groups, which already work closely with the Rutgers and Princeton University experimental groups and Princeton theory group. The purpose is to augment their LHC research programs in order to close the scientific gap located at the Theory/Experiment Interface, by hiring and hosting experts who can provide tools and knowledge required by both theorists and experimentalists working on LHC physics. This will greatly expand the range of LHC research possible at these institutions, especially assisting with personnel-intensive activities including standard model background studies, development of Monte Carlo tools, and investigations of search strategies for new physics. The PIs will be involved in both developing new models to describe Beyond the Standard Model Physics, as well as creating an effective theory approach for analyzing and interpreting directly the results coming from LHC. The proposed research includes studies on background removal, using Monte Carlo tools. If a novel signal is seen at the LHC, neither a model-independent approach nor a fully model-dependent approach is appropriate. The PIs propose that once a signal is seen at LHC, they will proceed to build a "model fragment", which in many cases will take the form of an "on-shell effective theory" (OSET). Model fragments were used by the PIs in their successful analysis at the first LHC Olympics workshop, and were developed further into a Monte Carlo tool for wider use. The essential idea is to build a semi-consistent theoretical framework that makes predictions for LHC signals without requiring a fully consistent TeV-scale theory, or in the case of an OSET, possibly without even a fully consistent effective Lagrangian. The PIs will also investigate the Effects of Multiple Soft Jets on Reconstruction and Analysis. The broader impact is to create the nucleus of an LHC center on the East Coast. The IAS and Rutgers, along with Princeton, will form the nucleus of such a center, helping to anchor and enhance the diffuse but substantial research program on the East Coast, which is currently scattered around many institutions. In particular, by training new students and broadening the postdocs at the Theory/Experiment Interface, it would help, over time, to strengthen the entire US particle physics community. Also, by hosting training and research workshops, it would directly benefit other institutions, particularly in the local and regional neighborhood. Most directly, the quick-reaction workshops would foster a more rapid response from the US community to events at the LHC. The PIs also plan a series of training exercises based on the successful "LHC Olympics" model to help in the process of training young students and in retraining postdocs from more formal areas of high-energy theory.