Unsteady Flow Phenomena in Models of Curved Arteries with Stents

建议没有。[中文]：主要研究者：Plesniak， Michael w.机构：纽约理工大学弯曲动脉支架模型中的稳定流动现象一项实验研究将检验斯托克斯层扰动对弯曲管道中脉动流二次流结构的影响。由于进行性、退行性心血管疾病动脉粥样硬化导致的血管狭窄（阻塞）患者接受血管成形术治疗后，支架植入对动脉进行结构强化，这一问题促使了本研究的开展。心脏病是美国和世界其他发达国家男性和女性的头号杀手。在美国，每年用于治疗动脉粥样硬化的医疗费用高达数百亿美元。我们将构建一个具有弯曲血管内支架相关特征的简化模型，并利用包括LDV和PIV在内的无创光学测速技术进行探测。假设支架相对于管壁的方向和位置会影响弯曲血管中的二次血流，从而影响负责血管重构的细胞生化信号。所提出的研究的智力价值在于发展对导致弯曲管道（代表体内普遍存在的弯曲动脉）中脉动二次流的粘性层的敏感性/接受性的理解。所采用的强迫函数是基于生理相关的波形，这比以前在相对较少的弯曲管道脉动流研究中使用的简单正弦强迫要复杂得多。心脏在收缩期和舒张期所泵出的血液的特点是血流的快速加速和减速，这产生了丰富的血流物理学。就流体动力学更广泛的适用性而言，这种扰动可以被认为是弯曲管道中的被动流动控制。拟议研究的更广泛影响包括社会、教育和技术组成部分。潜在的社会动机是与心脏病作斗争。不仅在流动性和死亡率方面价格高昂，而且必要的医疗程序的经济影响也是巨大的。这个项目的另一个更广泛的社会影响将是促进来自代表性不足群体的学生的参与。由于其位于布鲁克林的城市环境，理工大学有许多项目来吸引代表性不足的群体。例如，理工学院的承诺基金为弱势高中生提供了在夏季与教师一起研究项目的机会。PI积极参与理工大学作为nsf资助的纽约中部-波多黎各研究生教育和教授联盟（AGEP）项目的合作伙伴，该项目旨在显著增加获得科学、技术、工程和数学（STEM）博士学位的国内学生人数，特别强调代表性不足的群体。由生物医学工程、颗粒和多相过程以及热传输过程项目共同资助。

PROPOSAL NO.: CBET - 0729995PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATORS: Plesniak, Michael W.INSTITUTION: Polytechnic University of New YorkUnsteady Flow Phenomena in Models of Curved Arteries with StentsAn experimental study will examine the effects of perturbations to the Stokes layer on secondary flow structures in a curved pipe subjected to pulsatile flow. This work is motivated by issues associated with the insertion of stents to structurally reinforce arteries treated by angioplasty in patients with stenoses (blockages) resulting from the progressive, degenerative cardiovascular disease atherosclerosis. Heart disease is the number one killer of men and women in the US and developed countries world-wide. Medical procedures performed in the US to treat atherosclerosis cost tens of billions of dollars annually. A simplified model with the relevant features of a stent in a curved vessel will be constructed and probed with non-invasive optical velocimetry techniques including LDV and PIV. It is hypothesized that the orientation and position of the stent relative to the walls will affect the secondary flows in the curved vessels, which will impact cellular biochemical signaling that is responsible for vascular remodeling.The intellectual merit of the proposed study is to develop an understanding of the sensitivity/receptivity of viscous layers leading to pulsatile secondary flows in curved pipes (representative of curved arteries which are ubiquitous in the body). The forcing functions to be employed are based on physiologically relevant waveforms that are considerably more complex than simple sinusoidal forcing previously used in the relatively few studies of pulsatile flow in curved pipes. The rapid accelerations and decelerations of the flow, which are characteristics of blood pumped by the heart during systole and diastole, produce a richness of flow physics. In terms of broader applicability to fluid dynamics, such perturbations may be considered as passive flow control in curved pipes.The broader impacts of the proposed study include societal, educational, and technological components. The underlying societal motivation is combating heart disease. Not only is the price high in terms of mobidity and mortality, but the economic impact of necessary medical procedures is tremendous. Another societal broader impact of this program will be to promote participation of students from underrepresented groups. Because of its urban setting in Brooklyn, Polytechnic University has many programs in place to attract underrepresented groups. For example, Polytechnic''s PROMISE FUND has given disadvantaged high school students the opportunity to attend work with faculty on research projects during the summer. The PI is actively involved to engage Polytechnic University as a partner in the NSF-funded Central New York-Puerto Rico Alliance for Graduate Education and the Professoriate (AGEP) project intended to significantly increase the number of domestic students receiving doctoral degrees in the sciences, technology, engineering and mathematics (STEM), with special emphasis on underrepresented groups. Co-funded by the Biomedical Engineering, Particulate and Multiphase processes, and Thermal Transport Processes Programs.