Collaborative Research: Net Carbon Transport and Reaction in the bottom Boundary Layer of an Upwelling Margin

上升流海岸边缘是强烈的碳循环、海气交换和氧化还原化学的区域，在那里海底、海洋内部和海气界面紧密耦合。 在这项研究中，来自俄勒冈州州立大学、华盛顿大学、芝加哥大学、普林斯顿大学和哥伦比亚大学的一个多学科小组将对底部边界层内的运输和生物地球化学反应速率以及沿海和开阔海洋之间的边界、海面和大气之间的交换、水柱和海底之间的交换进行协调研究。 他们假设，这些环境中的净碳通量是由底部边界层中物理传输和化学反应的并列决定的。 他们将解决这样的问题，如有多少净社区碳生产最终被封存在海洋内部，这是如何发生的，负责高净社区生产的大型，快速增长的沿海硅藻如何满足其铁需求，以及有多少动员铁和甲烷到达照明深度和/或海面和排气到大气中。 这些目标将通过俄勒冈州海岸外的一个实地项目来实现，该项目将包括以下内容：（1）对温度、盐度、速度、碳含量分布的高分辨率调查。（无机pCO 2和TCO 2，以及颗粒和溶解的有机碳）、甲烷和水柱中的铁;（2）在底边界层中故意释放多种示踪剂，以检查物理输送过程、光照历史和海气交换;（3）利用底栖通量室直接测量沉积物和边界层之间的迁移;（4）利用培养物和化合物特定标记物测量边界层中有机物、铁和甲烷的反应性。 数据合成，碳预算和建模工作将整合所有的现场数据，结合反应和传输速率，并产生预测能力，可以将我们的结果扩展到其他上升流系统。在更广泛的影响中，这项研究将产生几项技术发展，这些技术发展将在地球科学中具有多学科应用。 来自五个机构的八名研究生将参加这个项目，产生硕士学位或博士论文的基础。本科生将参加实验室和实地考察。外联活动包括记者和成人教育工作者参加考察，以及与俄勒冈州的海洋科学和数学合作方案合作，该方案提供将海洋科学与真实的生活问题联系起来的学习活动，并接触到得不到充分服务的成人学习者。

ABSTRACTOCE - 0628583Upwelling coastal margins are regions of intense carbon cycling, air-sea gas exchange, and redox chemistry where the sea floor, ocean interior, and air-sea interface are closely coupled. In this research, a multidisciplinary team from Oregon State University, University of Washington, University of Chicago, Princeton University, and Columbia University will conduct a coordinated study of transport and biogeochemical reaction rates within the bottom boundary layer, and of exchanges across the boundaries between coastal and open ocean; the sea surface and atmosphere; and the water column and seafloor. They hypothesize that net carbon fluxes in these settings are governed by the juxtaposition of physical transport and chemical reaction in the bottom boundary layer. They will address questions such as how much of the net community carbon production is ultimately sequestered in the ocean interior and how does this happen, how do large, fast-growing coastal diatoms responsible for the high net community production meet their iron demands, and how much mobilized iron and methane reaches illuminated depths and/or the sea-surface and outgases to the atmosphere. These goals will be accomplished with a field program off the Oregon coast that will include the following: (1) high-resolution surveys of the distributions of temperature, salinity, velocity, carbon (inorganic pCO2 and TCO2, and particulate and dissolved organic carbon), methane, and iron in the water column; (2) deliberate multiple-tracer releases in the bottom boundary layer to examine physical transport processes, illumination history, and air-sea gas exchange; (3) direct measurement using benthic flux chambers of transport between the sediments and the boundary layer; (4) measurement of reactivity of organic matter, iron and methane in the boundary layer using incubations and compound specific markers. Data-synthesis, carbon-budgeting, and modeling efforts will integrate all the field data, incorporate reaction and transport rates, and generate predictive capabilities that can extend our results to other upwelling systems. Among the broader impacts, the research will produce several technological developments that will have multi-disciplinary applications in earth science. Eight graduate students from five institutions will participate in this project, producing either master's degrees or the foundations for doctoral dissertations. Undergraduate students will participate in the laboratory and fieldwork. Outreach activities include participation of reporters and adult educators on the expeditions, as well as working with the State of Oregon's Ocean Sciences and Math Collaborative program that provides learning activities linking ocean sciences with real life issues and reaches an underserved population of adult learners.