HCC: Small: Perceiving and Enacting Actions in Simulated Environments: The Role of Perceptual Motor Features and Individual Differences

本研究项目的长期实际目标是开发与真实的世界中的感知和制定行动的约束相吻合的模拟训练环境。 模拟环境在许多方面不同于真实的环境。特别是，这些环境之间的感知和运动特征有显着差异。具身认知科学的进展不断证明，身体及其所处的环境如何与心灵紧密耦合，并共同形成一个复杂的感知和行动系统。本研究探讨的核心问题包括：（a）高逼真度的模拟环境和感知运动线索信号风险是否是提高训练效果的必要因素;（B）表现压力是否是训练范式的必要组成部分;（c）身体与训练环境互动的必要程度;及（d）感知及行动的个别差异对模拟环境的训练成效的贡献程度。本研究也开始探讨在语言中选择性地聚焦于特定概念成分的编码事件是否可以作为引导视觉注意的有效机制。 模拟环境将在真实的世界事件之后建模，并且将改变用户控制的程度和沉浸的水平。研究参与者将记录他们的眼球运动，标记出一个有意义的事件何时结束，另一个何时开始，通过识别正确的身体运动来执行感知心理模拟任务，或操纵用户控制的模拟环境。 该研究项目调查了由于模拟环境和真实的世界之间的差异，人们如何自发地从事风险较高的行为，是否将人们置于一定的压力下对于在模拟环境中成功训练至关重要，以及与模拟环境的物理交互类型对于最佳表现至关重要。 本研究还调查了认知能力和人格类型的差异是否对模拟环境中的表现产生影响。 本项目使用多种方法，试图了解沿着哪些维度的模拟环境中的训练可以有效地转移到真实的世界的实践。这项研究推动了心理学，计算机科学，机器人和人机交互中感知和制定行动的前沿。结果将形成一个经验基础，促进改进方法的发展，在模拟世界的培训。 改进用于训练和建模的模拟世界的设计在我们社会的许多领域越来越重要，包括：对教育，军事，执法和应急响应组织培训的影响;更好地对待残疾人或特殊需求人群的智能环境;以及娱乐行业和艺术。

The long-term practical objective of this research project is to develop simulated training environments that mesh with the constraints of perceiving and enacting actions in the real world. Simulated environments differ from real environments in a number of aspects. In particular, there are significant differences in perceptual and motor features between these environments. Advances in embodied cognitive science have consistently demonstrated how the body, and the environment which it inhabits, are tightly coupled with the mind, and together they form a complex system for perception and action. The central questions being investigated in this research involve identifying the conditions that promote perceiving and enacting actions in simulated training environments, and include questions such as: (a) whether high fidelity simulation environments and perceptual motor cues signaling risk are necessary ingredients to enhance training effectiveness; (b) whether performance pressure is a necessary component in training paradigms; (c) the extent to which bodily interactivity with the training environment is necessary; and (d) the extent to which individual differences in perception and action contribute to training effectiveness of simulated environments. This research project also begins to investigate whether encoding events in language that selectively focus on particular conceptual components can be used as an effective mechanism to guide visual attention. Simulation environments will be modeled after real world events, and will vary the degree of user control and level of immersion. Research participants will have their eye movements recorded, mark off when a meaningful event ends and another begins, perform perceptual mental simulation tasks by identifying the correct bodily movements, or manipulate user controlled simulation environments. This research project investigates how people spontaneously engage in riskier behaviors due to differences between simulated environments and the real world, whether putting people under some pressure is critical for successful training in simulated environments, and what type of physical interactivity with simulated environments is essential for optimal performance. This research also investigates whether differences in cognitive abilities and personality types have effects on performance in simulated environments. This project uses multiple methods in an attempt to understand along which dimensions training in simulated environments can effectively transfer to real world practice. This research pushes forward the frontiers of perceiving and enacting actions in psychology, computer science, robotics, and human computer interactions. The results will form an empirical basis promoting the development of improved methods for training in simulated worlds. Improved designs of simulated worlds for training and modeling are increasingly important in many areas of our society including: impacts in education, military, law enforcement and emergency response organization training; smart environments for the better treatment of disabled or special needs populations; and entertainment industries and the arts.