Doctoral Dissertation Research: Reemergence of Rehabilitation? Comparing the Policies and Practices of California Parole Before 1977 and After 2005

本论文追溯了加州矫正和假释制度的目标之一--康复的意义。2005年，加利福尼亚州对其惩教系统进行了重组，以更加重视康复。对于假释来说，转向改过自新似乎是一项在20世纪70年代之前主导加州刑法的政策的重新出现。然而，尚不清楚2005年后加州惩教系统中的“康复”是类似于20世纪70年代之前的政策，还是有所不同。了解加州惩教系统中的康复是什么意思，以及它与以前的版本有何不同，对于了解如何通过假释制度实现康复是必要的。因此，这个项目提出了以下问题：1)2005年立法和随后的系统重组中所表达的康复作为加州惩教系统的目标是什么意思？2)当前版本的康复是如何产生的？3)当前版本与加州惩教系统中以前的康复含义相比如何？4)改过自新的立法意图对假释实践有何影响？通过运用比较历史和文本分析的方法，这项研究将集中在康复的含义，当前的康复呼吁是如何产生的，以及它与加州整个惩教系统内，更具体地说，在假释系统内先前的康复尝试的关系。通过这样做，这项研究将试图更好地理解改过自新是一项立法目标，以及如何将改过自新规定为假释制度。

This dissertation project traces the meaning of rehabilitation as a goal of the correctional and parole system in California. In 2005, California restructured its correctional system to place a greater emphasis on rehabilitation. For parole, the turn to rehabilitation appears as a reemergence of a policy that dominated California penal law before the 1970s. It is unclear, however, whether what is meant by "rehabilitation" in California's correctional system after 2005 is similar to the policies relied upon before the 1970s, or if it is something different. Understanding what is meant by rehabilitation in California's correctional system, and how it is different from previous versions, is necessary to understand how rehabilitation is achieved through the parole system. As such, this project asks the following questions: 1) What is meant by rehabilitation as a goal of California's correctional system as expressed in the 2005 legislation and subsequent reorganization of the system? 2) How did the current version of rehabilitation come about? 3) How does the current version compare to prior meanings of rehabilitation in the context of California's correctional system? and 4) How does the legislative intent of rehabilitation impact the practice of parole? By drawing on the methodologies of comparative historical and textual analyses, this study will focus on what rehabilitation means, how the current call for rehabilitation came about, and its relationship to prior attempts at rehabilitation within California's correctional system as a whole, and, more specifically, within the parole system. In so doing, this study will attempt to provide a better understanding of rehabilitation as a legislative goal and how rehabilitation is mandated to the parole system.