Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Grant: Investigating the Material Dimensions of Colonialism: The Impact of the Roman State in Southern Gaul

在迈克尔·迪特勒博士（芝加哥大学）的指导下，本杰明·卢利将在罗马征服后的拿铁、纳日、安布鲁塞姆、奈尔梅斯和纳博内的考古遗址，调查今天法国南部说凯尔特语的民族日常生活的变化。最初的四个遗址都是土著居民，人口密集的设防城市，有几千名居民，而纳博内遗址是一个古老而非常重要的罗马殖民地。法国南部地区在公元前121年之后被罗马人控制，学者们通常认为该地区的人民在一个被称为“罗马化”的过程中自愿和有意识地采用了罗马的做法和价值观。然而，很少有研究调查了被征服的罗马行省的土著居民日常生活的变化方式。因此，考古学家一直无法解决罗马国家影响土著生活的具体方式，以及各省的土著人民融入罗马帝国并参与帝国社会的方式。这项研究将包括对五个地点的挖掘结果进行新的综合，并结合对样品陶瓷的残留分析，以及参与拿铁正在进行的挖掘。这种方法打破了调查罗马行省的传统尝试，这些行省在很大程度上忽略了日常生活和家庭生活方面。特别是，没有对该地区的陶瓷进行残留分析，这个项目将使考古学家更好地了解当地人民的消费以及这些做法如何随着时间的推移而变化。在后殖民时代，现代殖民主义的影响仍然在全球范围内突出存在。然而，关于日常物质生活在与殖民主义相关的变化中的作用的知识普遍缺乏。此外，大多数关于殖民主义的研究都集中在资本主义发展以来现代世界大国的扩张上，主要是通过文学和民族志记录。因此，这项研究将为更广泛的殖民主义比较研究提供所需的材料视角，通过使用跨越几个世纪的法国南部殖民互动的丰富而有据可查的记录。通过对日常生活的物质维度的关注，该研究将解决这一显着的空白，并允许理解物质世界在殖民转型中的作用。该项目将促进法国、西班牙、加泰罗尼亚和美国考古学家在西欧最重要的国际考古遗址之一的互动，并有助于法国国家科学研究中心（CNRS）和芝加哥大学之间更深入的合作。

Under the supervision of Dr. Michael Dietler (University of Chicago), Benjamin Luley will investigate the changes in daily life that occurred for the Celtic-speaking peoples of what is today southern France at the archaeological sites of Lattes, Nages, Ambrussum, Nîmes, and Narbonne after the Roman conquest. The first four sites were indigenous, densely-settled fortified cities with populations of several thousand inhabitants, whereas the site of Narbonne was an old and very important Roman colony. The region of southern France came under Roman control after 121 B.C., and scholars have often assumed that the peoples of this region willingly and consciously adopted Roman practices and values in a process referred to as 'Romanization'. However, very few studies have investigated the ways in which daily life changed for the native populations of the conquered Roman provinces. As a result, archaeologists have been unable to address the specific ways in which the Roman state impacted indigenous life and the ways in which the indigenous peoples of the provinces became integrated into the Roman Empire and participated in imperial society. This research will involve a new synthesis of the results from excavations at the five sites combined with a residue analysis of sample ceramics, as well as participation in the ongoing excavations at Lattes. This approach breaks with more traditional attempts at investigating the Roman provinces that have largely ignored the daily, domestic aspects of life. In particular, no residue analysis has ever been performed on ceramics from this region, and this project will allow archaeologists to better understand what local peoples were consuming and how these practices changed over time.In a post-colonial world, the effects of modern colonialism are still emphatically present throughout the globe. However, there is a general lacuna in knowledge about the role of daily material life in the changes associated with colonialism. Furthermore, the majority of studies of colonialism have focused on the expansion of modern world powers since the growth of capitalism, primarily through the literary and ethnographic record. This research will therefore provide a needed material perspective for broader comparative studies on colonialism by using a notably rich and well-documented record of colonial interaction in southern France that spanned several centuries. Through a focus on the material dimensions of daily life, the research will address this notable lacuna and allow for an understanding of how the material world functions in colonial transformations. This project will foster interaction between French, Spanish, Catalonian, and American archaeologists at one of the most important international archaeological sites in Western Europe and contribute to deeper collaborative efforts between the French Centre national de la Recherche scientifique (CNRS) and the University of Chicago.