Support for Atmospheric Field Research at Thule, Greenland

该奖项是根据2009年《美国复苏和再投资法案》(公法111-5)资助的。该奖项的资助将使格陵兰图勒空军基地中层(平流层和中间层)使用地面毫米波光谱仪(GBMS)进行痕量气体测量的计划持续三年。GBMS使用遥感来探测和测量分子旋转发射线。观察到的物种用于监测和测量极地大气的化学和物理状态，在冬春季活跃观测期间，极地大气经历了快速变化。重点放在与平流层臭氧消耗有关的物种和过程上。GBMS技术的优点之一是，观测不依赖于阳光，压力展宽的谱线形状可以非常精确地测量，允许从观测到的线形的反卷积推导出垂直分布轮廓。要观察的物种是臭氧、一氧化碳、一氧化二氮、硝酸和氰化氢，可能还有一氧化氯。这次观测将继续由首席调查员和同事在2002年、2003年和2009年早春对北极中层大气进行的一系列观测。这项工作将与美国国家航空航天局/喷气推进实验室使用Aura卫星上的微波肢体探测仪进行的测量相协调。在这些观测过程中收集的数据还将存档，供一般科学界在大气成分变化探测网络维持的数据库中查阅。描述这项研究结果的文章将发表在全球发行的相关科学期刊上。此外，在丹麦气象研究所(DMI)的进一步合作下，还将与意大利国家地球物理和火山学研究所(INGV)和罗马大学“La Sapienze”合作，开展具体的研究活动。罗马大学的一台激光雷达将与大气层管理系统同时运行，提供有关大气参数的关键信息，以补充大气层管理系统数据集。INGV人员将大量参与GBM的操作和维护。GBMS和激光雷达都将放置在DMI实验室的图勒空军基地，仪器存放在为此目的而设立和保留的房间中。每个参与者及其国家大气研究工作都受益于这项合作工作的协同增效作用。

This award is funded under the American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (Public Law 111-5).Funding for this award will enable continuation for three years of a program of trace gas measurements in the middle atmosphere (stratosphere and mesosphere) over Thule Air Base, Greenland, using a ground-based millimeter-wave spectrometer (GBMS). The GBMS employs remote sensing to detect and measure molecular rotational emission lines. The species observed are used in monitoring and measuring the chemical and physical state of the polar atmosphere, which undergoes rapid changes during the Winter-Spring period of active observation. The focus is on those species and processes related to stratospheric ozone depletion. Among the advantages of the GBMS technique are that observations are not dependent on sunlight, and that pressure-broadened spectral line shapes can be measured with great accuracy, allowing vertical distribution profiles to be deduced from deconvolution of the observed line shapes. The species to be observed are ozone, carbon monoxide, nitrous oxide, nitric acid, and hydrogen cyanide, and perhaps chlorine monoxide. The observations will continue a series of Arctic observations of the middle atmosphere carried out by the principal investigator and colleagues in the early springs of 2002, 2003, and 2009.This effort will coordinate with measurements conducted by National Aeronautics and Space Administration/Jet Propulsion Laboratory using the Microwave Limb Sounder on board the Aura satellite. Data collected in the course of these observations will also be archived for accessibility by the general scientific community in the data bank maintained by the Network for the Detection of Atmospheric Composition Change. Articles describing results of the research will be published in refereed scientific journals having world-wide circulation. In addition, the specific research activity will be carried out under an international collaborative effort also involving the Italian National Institute for Geophysics and Volcanology (INGV), and the University of Rome "La Sapienza", with the additional cooperation of the Danish Meteorological Institute (DMI). A University of Rome lidar will operate concurrently with the GBMS, providing key information on atmospheric parameters complementary to the GBMS dataset. INGV personnel will be heavily involved with the operation and maintenance of the GBMS. Both GBMS and lidar will be hosted at Thule Air Base in the laboratories of the DMI, where the instruments are housed in rooms set up and reserved for that purpose. Each participant and their national atmospheric research efforts benefit from the synergies of this cooperative work.