NEESR Payload: Dissipation of Long-Wave Energy by Discontinuous Macro-Roughness Representing Forested Areas

该奖项是NSF 09-524项目招标的结果。地震工程模拟（NEES）研究网络（NEESR）包括德州农工大学（德州工程实验站）。该项目将利用俄勒冈州立大学的NEES设备场地，即NEES海啸波盆。海啸被归类为长波。这些波是由地震和滑坡以及其他机制产生的。海啸波迅速向内陆传播，到达高海拔地区，即海拔高度。这些事件可以摧毁整个社区和地区，正如2004年节礼日海啸所看到的那样。海啸可能对房屋、建筑物和其他结构造成广泛破坏，并可能产生长期的社会经济后果。该项目的目标是了解海啸波对宏观粗糙斑块的反应。例如，靠近开阔土地的森林是如何减少海啸波的力量并改变海啸波向陆地传播的距离的？将追求两个目标。目的1是了解宏观粗糙度对长波能量耗散、折射和遮蔽的影响。目的2是研究长波在宏观粗糙斑块中的传播对流动路径和波浪起伏变化的影响。预期的研究成果包括：(1)长波能量耗散与宏观粗糙度覆盖的函数关系；(2)长波增益与宏观粗糙度几何的函数关系。这些数据集将揭示长波在复杂海底传播的物理特性。上述结果将导致用于预测海啸淹没的模型中对宏观粗糙度的改进处理。这些结果还将有助于更好地量化海啸对沿海建筑物和其他结构的影响。研究成果将产生广泛的科学影响。它们将有助于了解诸如流经红树林、高地森林和湿地的水流状况。它们也将很容易被转移到影响整个社会的风暴潮和海啸淹没问题上。在NEES海啸波盆设备站点已经建立的其他项目中，教育成果将通过实践教育活动对中学生和大学生产生广泛的影响。除了支持德克萨斯州农工大学的一名博士生外，最多三名本科生将通过NSF本科生研究经验和路易斯斯托克斯少数民族参与联盟项目参与该项目。该项目的数据将存档，并通过NEES数据储存库向公众提供。

This award is an outcome of the NSF 09-524 program solicitation ?George E. Brown, Jr. Network for Earthquake Engineering Simulation (NEES) Research (NEESR)? competition and includes Texas A&M University (Texas Engineering Experiment Station). This project will utilize the NEES equipment site at Oregon State University, namely the NEES Tsunami Wave Basin. Tsunamis are classified as long waves. These waves are generated by earthquakes and landslides, among other mechanisms. Tsunami waves travel rapidly inland, reaching high elevations, i.e., runup. These events can devastate entire communities and regions, as seen during the Boxing Day Tsunami in 2004. Tsunamis can cause widespread damage to homes, buildings, and other structures, and they can have long-lasting socioeconomic consequences. The project goal is to learn how tsunami waves respond to patches of macro-roughness. For example, how do patches of forest next to open land reduce the force of tsunami waves and change the landward distance tsunami waves travel? Two objectives will be pursued. Objective 1 is to understand the effects of macro-roughness patches on long-wave energy dissipation, refraction, and shadowing. Objective 2 is to investigate the effects of long-wave propagation in patches of macro-roughness on flow pathways and wave runup variation.Expected research outcomes include: (1) long-wave energy dissipation as a function of macro-roughness coverage and (2) long-wave runup as a function of macro-roughness geometry. These datasets will reveal physics of long-wave propagation over complex sea bottoms. The above outcomes will lead to improved treatment of macro-roughness in models used to predict tsunami inundation. These outcomes will also lead to improved quantification of tsunami wave forces on buildings and other structures at the coast.The research outcomes will have broad scientific impacts. They will contribute to the state-of-knowledge for flows, for example, through mangrove fields, upland forests, and wetlands. They will also be readily transferred to both the storm surge and tsunami inundation problems impacting society at large. The educational outcomes will have broad impacts by reaching both secondary school and collegiate students via hands-on educational activities, among other programs, already established at the NEES Tsunami Wave Basin Equipment Site. In addition to supporting one Ph.D. student at Texas A&M University, up to three undergraduates will participate in this project through the NSF Research Experience for Undergraduates and Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation programs.Data from this project will be archived and made available to the public through the NEES data repository.