U.S.-ASEAN Workshop: Next Generation Cook Stoves for Rural East and Southeast Asia

0936688 SmithTitle：美国-东盟研讨会：东亚和东南亚农村的下一代炉灶该奖项支持美国研究人员，初级研究人员和研究生参加美国-东盟关于东亚和东南亚农村下一代炉灶的研讨会，该研讨会将于2009年11月16日至20日在泰国Pathumthani的亚洲理工学院（AIT）举行。 这次研讨会是由美国国务院和美国空军科学研究办公室联合主办的。亚洲航空航天研究与发展办事处（AFOSR/AOARD）。 共同组织者是加州大学伯克利分校的Kirk Smith博士和亚洲理工学院环境学院的Kim Oanh博士。 该研讨会还将涉及来自许多东南亚国家的研究人员和研究生。 预计这些研究人员将开展合作，将现代科学理论和实践应用于开发更好的家用炉灶和其他小型燃烧设备。 虽然这些设备并不占全球能源需求的很大一部分，但它们比全球任何其他能源使用类别造成的健康不良都要多。远远超过汽车和发电厂的总和。 这不仅是因为它们的燃烧效率极低，对于传统技术，这导致大量不完全燃烧产物的排放，包括一系列损害健康的污染物，而且还因为它们靠近人口导致高进气分数，即，每单位排放的暴露量。 此外，许多这些不完全燃烧的产物（包括甲烷和炭黑）是重要的温室污染物。 传统技术的燃烧和传热不良也导致主要是木材和作物残余物等初级燃料供应的不必要浪费，讲习班将强调开展联合研究，不仅开发排放量低、能源效率高的先进燃烧炉，而且探讨联合生产空间/水加热和小规模发电的潜力。 此外，讲习班将探讨适当和创新的传感器技术用于现场评估炉灶性能的潜力（例如，减少室内空气污染和炭黑排放，提高燃烧效率）。 实验室或模拟测量不足以评估这些设备在真实的家庭中随着时间的推移运行情况，但一些基于IT的传感器和处理平台提供了进行成本效益评估的可能性，即使是在大规模人群中进行远程评估。 最后，该研讨会将邀请从事炉灶传播的从业者，他们曾处理过与材料质量，制造效率以及消费者行为和观念相关的工业工程挑战。 此次合作将为美国初级研究人员和研究生提供一个获得全球研究经验的绝佳机会。 预计该奖项将为他们在整个研究生涯中与东南亚同事的持续联系提供基础。

0936688SmithTitle: U.S. - ASEAN Workshop: Next Generation Cook Stoves for Rural East and Southeast AsiaThis award supports the participation of American researchers, junior researchers, and graduate students in a U.S. - ASEAN workshop on next generation cook stoves for rural East and Southeast Asia to be held at the Asian Institute of Technology (AIT) in Pathumthani, Thailand from November 16-20, 2009. This workshop is jointly sponsored by the U.S. State Department and the U.S. Air Force Office of Science Research?s Asian Office of Aerospace Research and Development (AFOSR/AOARD). The co-organizers are Dr. Kirk Smith at the University of California, Berkeley and Dr. Kim Oanh in the School of Environment at the Asian Institute of Technology. The workshop will also involve researchers and graduate students from many Southeast Asian countries. It is anticipated that these researchers will develop collaborations to apply modern scientific theory and practice to developing better household stoves and other small-scale combustion devices. Although such devices do not comprise a large part of global energy demand, they are responsible for more ill-health than any other category of energy use globally ? far exceeding that from vehicles and power plants combined. This is due not only to their highly inefficient combustion, which for traditional technologies leads to substantial emissions of products of incomplete combustion, including a range of health-damaging pollutants, but also because their proximity to the population leads to high intake fractions, i.e., exposure per unit emissions. In addition many of these same products of incomplete combustion (which include methane and black carbon) are important greenhouse pollutants. The poor combustion and heat-transfer of traditional technologies also leads to unnecessary waste of the primary fuel supplies, largely wood and crop residues.Emphasized at the workshop will be development of joint research not only to develop advanced combustion stoves with low emissions and high energy efficiency, but also to explore the potential for joint production of space/water heating and small-scale electrical power generation. In addition, the workshop will explore the potential for appropriate and innovative sensor technology for in situ evaluation of cook stove performance (e.g., reduction of indoor air pollution and black carbon emissions and improvement in combustion efficiency). Laboratory or simulated measurements are insufficient to assess how well such devices operate in real households over time, but a number of IT-based sensors and processing platforms offer the possibility for cost-effective assessment, even remotely over large populations. Finally, the workshop will engage practitioners in stove dissemination who have dealt with industrial engineering challenges related to materials quality, manufacturing efficiency, and consumer behavior and perceptions. This collaboration will provide an excellent opportunity for the U.S. junior researchers and graduate students to receive a global research experience. It is anticipated that this award will provide the basis for their continuing contacts with their Southeast Asia colleagues throughout their research careers.