Impurities in Snow and Ice (ISI) Workshop; Silverton, Colorado; July 15-18, 2009

首席调查员(PI)将于2009年秋季在科罗拉多州西尔弗顿召开冰雪中的杂质讲习班(ISI)，以解决改善冰雪中杂质对气候和水文影响的监测、建模和重建的迫切需要。最近的研究表明，冰雪中的灰尘和烟尘对全球的影响被低估了，甚至更糟，基本上没有实现。最近的出版物显示，高纬度地区烟尘的辐射强迫对观测到的变暖信号产生了重大影响。除了全球烟尘排放，世界沙漠地区广泛的土地利用变化导致沙尘排放逐步增加，这反过来又迫使中纬度山脉积雪被提前一个月融化。由于突然将重点放在杂质沉积变化对冰雪表面的影响上，这一社区的重点讲习班以及那些有兴趣加入社区的人需要确定和辩论我们目前的理解，正式确定(一)辐射强迫、(二)杂质光学性质和(三)反射的术语，揭示模拟的不足之处，审议和起草监测和测量协议，并制定路线图，导致以综合办法在一系列尺度上理解冰冻圈中杂质的空间和时间强迫。这一讲习班将导致成立一个雪和冰杂质工作组，该工作组将起草雪中灰尘和烟尘测量的议定书，编写一份EOS会议报告，并计划在来年举行一次议定书批准会议。这些活动将极大地惠及广大研究雪上灰尘的科学家和那些从这类研究中受益的人，例如水资源管理人员。

The Principal Investigator (PI) will will convene the Impurities in snow and Ice Workshop (ISI) in the fall of 2009 in Silverton, Colorado in order to address the urgent need for improved monitoring, modeling, and reconstructions of the climatic and hydrologic effects of impurities in snow and ice cover. Recent research has suggested that the global effects of dust and soot in snow and ice have been underestimated or worse, largely unrealized. Recent publications reveal that radiative forcing by soot in the high latitudes has had significant impacts on the observed warming signal. In addition to global emissions of soot, widespread land use change in the world's desert regions has resulted in stepwise increases in dust emission that in turn are forcing order one month earlier ablation of mid latitude mountain snow cover. With this sudden focus on the implications of changes in impurity deposition to snow and ice surfaces, this focused workshop of the community, and those interested in joining the community, is needed to identify and debate our current understanding, formalize terminology for (i) radiative forcings, (ii) impurity optical properties and (iii) reflectance, reveal modeling inadequacies, consider and draft monitoring and measurement protocols, and establish a roadmap leading to an integrated approach to understanding the spatial and temporal forcings of impurities in the cryosphere at a range of scales. This workshop will result in the formation of a Snow and Ice Impurities Working Group that will draft protocols for dust and soot measurements in snow, prepare an EOS Meeting Report, and plan a protocol ratification meeting within the coming year. These activities will greatly benefit the broad community of scientists who study dust on snow and those that benefit from such studies, e.g., water managers.