Dynamic and Thermodynamic processes of snow covered sea ice

积雪海冰的动力和热力学过程

• 批准号: RGPIN-2021-04375
• 负责人: Barber, David
• 金额: $ 3.72万
• 依托单位: University of Manitoba
• 依托单位国家: 加拿大
• 项目类别: Discovery Grants Program - Individual
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 加拿大
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2023-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nserc-crsng.gc.ca/ase-oro/Details-Detailles_eng.asp?id=753231
• 关键词: Dynamic; Thermodynamic; processes; snow; covered

The world has turned its attention to the Arctic, largely because of a rapidly changing climate, with the loss of sea ice being a major consequence of our warming planet. Climate change and globalization both contribute to the unprecedented challenges and opportunities faced by the Arctic. Canada must create the knowledge upon which sustainable development, adaptation, and mitigation strategies can be based. Satellite data, in situ observations, and Inuit knowledge have all documented the rapid thinning and retreat of Arctic sea ice. These changes have a profound impact on the global energy balance with the potential to influence large-scale weather and ocean circulation, polar ecosystems and marine biogeochemistry, livelihoods of coastal communities, marine navigation, and resource extraction. Political, economic, and social development programs are already well underway, often ahead of the multi-sectoral governance and policy required to support sustainable development principles. My NSERC Discovery Grant (DG) long-term objectives are to understand how the atmosphere and ocean force sea ice dynamic and thermodynamic processes and to elucidate key biogeochemical implications of changes in these processes. To accomplish this, I intend to examine these interacting systems at a range of space and time scales, taking advantage of in situ experimentation, model development, and a cycle of hypothesis formation, testing, and reformulation. Over the course of this NSERC DG cycle I intend to examine four short-term objectives: 1.Sea Ice Processes - Examine the role of micro- to hemispheric-scale oceanic and atmospheric forcing (in both space and time) of sea ice dynamic and thermodynamic processes using in situ observations, remote sensing, and numerical models. 2. Ice Hazards - Investigate the processes controlling sea ice and glacier dynamics and how this relates to changes in ice hazards in rapidly expanding Arctic marine shipping lanes. 3. Teleconnections - Investigate the role that increasing open water has on surface atmosphere pressure patterns in association with observed changes in large-scale sea ice circulation. Examine these teleconnections over both contemporary and paleoclimate time scales (mid-Holocene forward). 4. Technology - Continue to refine techniques to estimate the geophysical and thermodynamic state of the snow/sea ice system using microwave scattering and emission observations, and electro-thermophysical models. Relate this work to direct detection and quantification of melt fluxes from sea ice, detection of oil and other transportation-related contaminant spills in sea ice, and on detection of young ice forms involved in bromine-release processes across the ocean-sea ice-atmosphere (OSA) interface. The Arctic represents both a challenge and an opportunity for Canada and indeed for the world. We are rapidly opening a `third ocean' available for development, yet to do so will require careful stewardship, informed by science.

世界将注意力转移到了北极，这主要是由于气候迅速变化，而海冰的流失是我们变暖星球的主要结果。气候变化和全球化都助长了北极面临的前所未有的挑战和机遇。加拿大必须创建可持续发展，适应和缓解策略的知识。卫星数据，原位观察以及因纽特人的知识都记录了北极海冰的快速稀疏和撤退。这些变化对全球能源平衡产生了深远的影响，可能会影响大规模的天气和海洋流通，极地生态系统和海洋生物地球化学，沿海社区的生计，海洋导航和资源提取。政治，经济和社会发展计划已经在进行中，通常是在支持可持续发展原则所需的多部门治理和政策之前。我的NSERC发现赠款（DG）的长期目标是了解大气和海洋强迫海冰动态和热力学过程以及阐明这些过程中变化的关键生物地球化学含义。为此，我打算在一系列时空尺度上检查这些相互作用的系统，并利用原位实验，模型开发以及假设形成，检验和重新制定的循环。在这个NSERC DG周期的过程中，我打算检查四个短期目标：1。SEA ICE工艺 - 检查微型到半球尺度的海洋和大气强迫（在时空和时间）中使用现场观察，远程敏感性以及数值模型的海冰动力学和热力学过程的作用。 2。冰危害 - 调查控制海冰和冰川动力学的过程，以及这与迅速扩大北极海洋航运巷中冰危害的变化有何关系。 3。遥相关 - 研究增加的开水对表面大气压力模式的作用与观察到的大规模海冰循环的变化有关。在当代和古气候时间尺度上（中新世前向）检查这些链球连接。 4.技术 - 继续完善技术，以使用微波散射和排放观测以及电墨水物理模型来估计雪/海冰系统的地球物理和热力学状态。将这项工作与直接检测和定量海冰中的熔体通量，在海冰中检测和其他与运输相关的污染物溢出物，以及在海洋冰冰（OSA）界面涉及溴释放过程的年轻冰形式。北极既代表了加拿大乃至全世界的挑战，也是机会。我们正在迅速开放一个可供开发的“第三海”，但要这样做需要仔细的管理。