Gas-Liquid Interfaces: Turbulence and Scalar Exchange

提案编号： CTS-0553333主要制造商：S. BANERJEE机构：加州大学圣巴巴拉分校-液体界面：湍流和标量交换尽管对许多工业和环境过程至关重要，但对气-液界面的湍流传输过程仍然知之甚少-例如，对海洋吸收温室气体的可靠估计。 这种知识的贫乏状态主要来自于难以对接近移动、变形和断裂界面的速度、温度和浓度场进行测量和数值模拟。因此，在化学和动力工业中，尽管许多净化、反应和能量传递过程都是通过移动的界面进行的，但对该界面附近的湍流结构和输运过程的了解远少于固体边界附近。 该项目的目标是有助于提高国家的理解，这些问题使用的数字粒子成像测速（DPIV）和直接数值模拟（DNS）在复杂的边界的最新进展的基础上的实验和计算方法相结合。 特别是，液体侧，近界面湍流的结构和效果，源于各种来源，如风切变，波浪破碎，热对流，壁剪切和组合，将进行研究。 拟议的实验和模拟将在广泛的条件下提供高质量的数据，这些数据在理解机制和评估建模方法方面具有持久的价值。 此外，结果将被用来评估广泛达成的假设，如果被证明是有效的，将构成一个重大的进步，在根本上理解这个问题的湍流输送过程。这一项目的广泛影响来自于它有可能降低设计和扩大多相处理设备的成本，如冷凝器、蒸发器、气体吸收器、洗涤器和气液反应器，以及在若干环境应用中。 这些包括大气和海洋或河流系统之间的碳交换，汞和多氯联苯等挥发性有毒物质的命运和运输，以及缺氧沃茨的曝气。 通过更好地宣传有关温室气体排放等事项的政策，将产生广泛的社会影响。拟议工作的另一个影响是它有可能在一个跨学科领域教育研究人员，其中环境考虑和工程方法都很重要-这是解决未来社会需求的重要背景。

PROPOSAL NO.: CTS-0553333PRINCIPAL INVESTIGATOR: S. BANERJEEINSTITUTION: UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA - SANTA BARBARAGAS-LIQUID INTERFACES: TURBULENCE AND SCALAR EXCHANGE Turbulent transport processes at gas-liquid interfaces remain poorly understood despite being central to many industrial and environmental processes- for example, to reliable estimation of greenhouse gas uptake by the oceans. This poor state of knowledge derives primarily from the difficulty of making measurements and doing numerical simulations of velocity, temperature and concentration fields close to moving, deforming and breaking interfaces. As a result much less is known about turbulence structure and transport processes near mobile interfaces than near solid boundaries, even though many purification, reaction and energy transfer processes are conducted across such interfaces in the chemical and power industries. The objective of this project is to contribute to improving the state of understanding of such problems using a combination of experimental and computational approaches based n recent advances in digital particle imaging velocimetry (DPIV) and direct numerical simulation (DNS) over complex boundaries. In particular, the structure and effects of liquid-side, near-interface turbulence, originating from a variety of sources such as wind shear, wave breaking, thermal convection, wall shear and combinations, will be studied. The proposed experiments and simulations will provide high quality data over a wide range of conditions that will be of lasting value in understanding mechanisms and evaluating modeling approaches. Also the results will be used to assess broad reaching hypotheses regarding turbulent transport processes that if proved valid, would constitute a significant advance in fundamental understanding of the subject. The broad impact of this project arises from its potential to reduce costs for design and scale-up of multiphase-processing equipment, such as condensers, evaporators, gas absorbers, scrubbers and gas-liquid reactors, as well in several environmental applications. These include exchange of carbon between the atmosphere and ocean or river systems, fate and transport of volatile toxics like mercury and PCBs, and the aeration of hypoxic waters. The broad societal impact by better informing policy regarding matters such as greenhouse gas emissions would be very significant. Another impact of the proposed work is its potential to educate researchers in an interdisciplinary area in which both environmental considerations and engineering approaches are important- a background of importance in addressing future societal needs.