Model and Testing of Enhanced Cutaneous Perfusion to Manipulate Heat Convection between Skin and the Body Core

[09669998]这项研究涉及设计新设备和开发新模型，以利用最近观察到的能够迅速降低身体核心温度的现象。该研究建立在对无毛皮肤的动静脉吻合器（AVAs）施加小的负压（约40毫米汞柱）时机械膨胀的观察基础上。当利用负压与皮肤表面冷却相结合时，由于皮肤和身体核心之间的血液流动速度增加，身体核心的温度可以迅速降低。智力优势：本项目的智力重点是通过扩张的AVAs增强血液灌注，建立皮肤与身体核心之间传热的预测模型。该模型将用于设计设备并确定适当的人体体温调节功能操作方案。具体来说，复杂的AVA控制机制将通过人体测试进行测量和表征，相应的本构模型将被纳入Wissler热调节模型。更广泛的影响：研究的更广泛的重点是开发一种新技术，可以快速降低核心温度，从工业，军事和运动需要的高温（热应激）状态，从体温正常状态到医疗需要的低温状态（治疗性低温）。这项研究还可能导致中风、心脏骤停和脑震荡的新治疗方法。与当地少数民族高中的接触将是这项活动的关键组成部分。新的教育材料将与研究一起编制，并将在档案学习科学和工程教育文献中传播。实验和建模结果的研究也将纳入补充学习材料的一个新的生物运输文本。

0966998DillerThis research involves the design of novel devices and development of new models to take advantage of a recently observed phenomenon capable of rapidly reducing body core temperatures. The research builds upon observations that arteriovenous anastomoses (AVAs) in glabrous skin become mechanically distended when a small negative pressure (about 40 mm Hg) is applied to the body. When negative pressure is utilized in conjunction with surface cooling of the skin, body core temperatures can be rapidly lowered due to increased blood flow rates between the skin and the body core. Intellectual Merit: The intellectual focus of this project is to build a predictive model of heat transfer between the skin and body core via enhanced blood perfusion through distended AVAs. The model will be used to design devices and identify appropriate protocols for manipulation of human thermoregulatory function. Specifically, the complex AVA control mechanisms will be measured and characterized by way of human testing and the corresponding constitutive models will be incorporated into the Wissler thermoregulatory model.Broader Impacts: The broader focus of the research is to develop a new technology that can rapidly reduce core temperature from hyperthermic (heat stress) states for industrial, military and athletic needs and from normothermia to hypothermic states for medical needs (therapeutic hypothermia). The research may also lead to new treatments of stroke, cardiac arrest and concussion. Outreach to local minority-serving high schools will be a key component of the activity. New educational materials will be developed in conjunction with the research and will be disseminated in the archival learning science and engineering education literature. Experimental and modeling outcomes of the research will also be incorporated into supplemental learning materials of a new biotransport text.