GOALI: Collaborative Research: Understanding Perovskite-Based NO Oxidation Catalysts via Coupled Experimental and Computational Analysis

在过量空气中进行稀薄燃烧过程的汤普森系统可提供显著的燃油效率优势，有助于减少温室气体(GHG)排放。然而，稀薄燃烧的一个重要副产品是NOx(x=1，2)。虽然已经证明了修复固定污染源产生的NOx的成本效益技术，但包括柴油动力汽车在内的移动污染源产生的NOx后处理解决方案仍然是一个重大挑战。最重要的方面之一是，对于这一操作，含铂催化剂是最有效的催化剂，而所需的铂量使这些催化剂贵得令人望而却步。在这项呼吁密歇根大学的PI Thompson和圣母大学的Schneider之间进行合作的提案中，加入了工业合作伙伴通用汽车，使其既是一个目标提案，也是一个合作提案。其目的是解决为什么通用汽车公司的科学家最初观察到的含有非贵金属的钙钛矿催化剂的催化活性与铂相同，并确定是否可以展示出坚固、廉价的催化剂，实际上可以取代铂。这将大大改变我们对铂催化反应的理解，在更实际的层面上，将开辟柴油动力汽车的领域，提高效率并减少温室气体排放，因为可能会有成本更低的催化后处理或消声器可用。该计划涉及两所大学和工业合作伙伴在许多接触点和工作的不同阶段。学生将从合作和与行业的接触中受益。此外，私人投资机构将利用校园现有的教育和外展计划，就该项目的成功所带来的问题和好处对社会进行兴趣和教育。

0967466ThompsonSystems where lean combustion processes are carried out in excess air offer significant fuel efficiency benefits that can contribute to reductions of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. However, an important byproduct of lean combustion is NOx (x = 1, 2). While cost-effective technologies have been demonstrated for the remediation of NOx produced at stationary sources, solutions for the aftertreatment of NOx produced by mobile sources including diesel powered vehicles remains a major challenge. One of the most significant aspects is that Platinum-containing catalysts are the most effective catalysts for this operation, and the amount of platinum required makes these catalysts prohibitively expensive. In this proposal which calls for collaboration between PIs Thompson from University of Michigan and Schneider from University of Notre Dame, an industrial partner, General Motors, is added to make it a GOALI proposal as well as a Collaborative one. The intent is to resolve why catalytic activity of about the same magnitude as platinum has been observed with a non-precious metal containing perovskite catalyst originally observed by General Motors scientists, and to determine if rugged, inexpensive catalysts can be demonstrated which could in fact replace platinum. This would be a significant change in our understanding of reactions that are catalyzed by platinum, and on a more practical level, would open up the area of diesel-powered vehicles with the improved efficiencies and reduced GHG emissions expected, as less-expensive catalytic after-treatments or mufflers could be available. The program involves the two universities and the industrial partner at many points of contact and in various phases of the work. Students will benefit from the collaboration and from the contact with industry. In addition the PIs will leverage existing education and outreach programs on the campuses to both interest and educate society about the issue and benefits from success in the project.