Review of the Scientific Accomplishments and Assessment of the Potential for Future Transformative Discoveries with U.S.-Supported Scientific Ocean Drilling

1010773号提案摘要国家科学基金会要求国家研究理事会任命一个特设委员会，审查美国的科学成就。支持科学钻探（深海钻探项目[DSDP]，大洋钻探计划[ODP]和综合大洋钻探计划[IODP]），并评估未来变革性科学发现的潜力。研究委员会将承担两项任务：1）分析DSDP，ODP和IODP的科学成就及其意义，重点评估科学钻探如何独特地塑造对地球系统的理解，包括地球历史，动力过程，气候变化和深层生物圈。应进一步强调评估深层钻探设施的可用性在多大程度上促成了新的调查领域的建立。分析将包括考虑钻井计划？对科学教育和外联活动的贡献。（2）评估2013年后国际海洋钻探科学计划草案的执行所带来的变革性科学发现的潜力。这项评估将包括对海洋钻探与其他国家科学基金会支持的科学计划和研究设施的更强整合所带来的机会的建议。这项研究的更广泛的影响是非常重要的，因为海洋钻探计划直接有助于具有重大社会意义的问题，如气候变化，灾害和海平面变化的历史。

Abstract for Proposal 1010773The National Science Foundation has requested that the National Research Council appoint an ad hoc committee to review the scientific accomplishments of U.S.-supported scientific drilling (Deep Sea Drilling Project [DSDP], Ocean Drilling Program [ODP], and Integrated Ocean Drilling Program [IODP]) and assess the potential for future transformative scientific discoveries. The study committee will undertake two tasks:1) Analysis of DSDP, ODP, and IODP scientific accomplishments and their significance, with an emphasis on evaluating how scientific drilling has uniquely shaped understanding of the Earth system, including Earth history, dynamic processes, climate change, and the deep biosphere. Additional emphasis should be placed on assessing the extent to which the availability of deep drilling facilities has enabled creation of new fields of inquiry. The analysis will include consideration of the drilling programs? contributions to science education and outreach activities. It will not consider organizational framework.2) Assessment of the potential for transformative scientific discovery resulting from implementation of the draft science plan for post-2013 international ocean drilling. This assessment will include advice on opportunities resulting from stronger integration of ocean drilling with other NSF-supported science programs and research facilities.The broader impacts of this study are very significant, as the ocean drilling program contributes directly to matters that have large societal relevance, such as climate chage, hazards, and the history of sea-level change.