Ontogeny of Symbiosis in a Deep-Sea Bacterially Luminous Fish

该提案描述了美国首席研究员（PI）和日本研究员福井敦（Atsushi Fukui）在日本本州东海大学（Tokai University）开展国际合作研究和培训项目的计划访问。计划访问的目的是让研究人员讨论、协调和确定科学目标，制定样品收集和分析的后勤工作，并为一个项目制定学生培训目标，该项目旨在研究一种具有代表性的深海大型鱼类中生物发光共生开始时的发育和微生物事件。PI是与鱼类形成生物发光共生关系的发光细菌生物学方面的专家，而日本调查人员是深海鱼类方面的专家，专门研究幼体，并在大纹鱼方面有丰富的经验。日本调查员将协调和接待此次访问，包括安排和安排美国访客的住宿、膳食和当地交通。他将为讨论和项目规划提供设施，并为收集的标本提供初步分析的实验室空间，他将协调和指导东海大学研究和训练船Hokuto的采样巡航，以测试和协调样品收集和分析的后勤工作。智力优势：巨鱼数量丰富，在世界海洋中具有重要的生态意义，许多巨鱼依靠与发光细菌的共生来发光，以观察和吸引猎物，并可能在繁殖过程中发出信号。然而，人们对这些鱼的早期生活史知之甚少，基本上对这些鱼如何以及何时获得共生细菌并启动生物发光共生一无所知，这是它们生存所必需的事件。通过绘制鱼类的个体垂直迁移，共生细菌的组织形成的发育时间，细菌在这些组织中的定植，以及共生的成熟，该项目将为深海鱼类以及潜在的其他脊椎动物如何获取，适应和与共生细菌合作提供实质性的新信息和见解。项目的广泛影响：长期项目为培养学生的微生物学和鱼类学提供了多种机会，交叉培养这些领域的学生是该项目的主要教育目标。通过密歇根大学完善的基础设施，招收不同种族和民族背景的学生，将积极促进未被充分代表的少数民族参与该项目。本科生和研究生将通过参与该项目获得科学研究方面的培训，并通过参与密歇根大学自然历史展览博物馆（UMEM）以该项目为主题的公共展览的开发和展示，向公众传播科学。该博物馆每年接待超过85,000名K-12和成人游客。PI还将为umm的听众提供公开讲座，并将该项目的主题和信息纳入每年有200至300名学生参加的本科和研究生课程。

This proposal describes a planning visit to develop an international collaborative research and training project between the U.S. principal investigator (PI) and a Japanese investigator, Atsushi Fukui, at Tokai University in Honshu, Japan. The purpose of the planning visit is to allow the investigators to discuss, coordinate, and finalize the scientific goals, work out the logistics for sample collection and analysis, and develop the student training goals for a project to examine the developmental and microbiological events surrounding the inception of bioluminescent symbiosis in a representative deep-sea macrourid fish. The PI is an expert in the biology of light-emitting bacteria that form bioluminescent symbioses with fish, and the Japanese investigator is an expert in deep-sea fish, with a specialization in larvae and with substantial experience with macrourids. The Japanese investigator will coordinate and host the visit, including scheduling and making arrangements for lodging, meals and local transportation for the U.S. visitor. He will provide facilities for discussions and project planning and laboratory space for preliminary analyses of collected specimens, and he will coordinate and guide sampling cruises on the Tokai University's research and training vessel Hokuto to test and coordinate the logistics for sample collection and analysis.Intellectual merit: Macrourids are abundant, ecologically important fish in the world's oceans, and many depend on symbiosis with luminous bacteria to produce light for seeing and attracting prey and possibly for signaling involved in reproduction. Little is known, however, about the early life histories of these fish, and essentially nothing is known about how and when the fish acquire their symbiotic bacteria and initiate bioluminescent symbiosis, an event essential for their survival. By mapping onto the ontogenetic vertical migration of the fish the developmental timing of formation of tissues for housing the symbiotic bacteria, colonization of those tissues by the bacteria, and maturation of the symbiosis, the project will provide substantial new information and insight into how deep-sea fish, and potentially other vertebrate animals, acquire, accommodate, and function cooperatively with symbiotic bacteria.Broader impacts of the project: The long-term project provides a variety of opportunities for training students in microbiology and ichthyology, and cross-training students in these areas is a major educational goal of the project. Participation of underrepresented minorities in the project will be actively fostered via the well-developed University of Michigan infrastructure for recruiting students of diverse racial and ethnic backgrounds. Undergraduate and graduate students will receive training in scientific research through participation in the project and in the communication of science to the general public through participation in development and presentation of a public exhibit on the theme of this project at the University of Michigan Exhibit Museum of Natural History (UMEM), which hosts over 85,000 K-12 and adult visitors yearly. The PI will also present public lectures to the UMEM audience and will incorporate themes and information from this project into undergraduate and graduate level courses that reach 200 to 300 students yearly.