SPP 1630: Harbours from the Roman Iron Age until the Middle Ages - Archaeology and History of Regional and Supra-regional Traffic Systems

港口是连接陆地和海洋的重要纽带；在史前和早期历史时期，港口是区域和超区域航运以及人员、货物和信息运输背后的经济基础设施的基石。事实上，正是它们最先让这一切成为可能。鉴于相关的“船与港”所产生的渐进过程，港口使人们能够对技术发展的历史有重要的洞察力。此外，它们是高度复杂的系统，其中生态、后勤、经济、社会、法律、军事和宗教子系统相互重叠，相互影响。为了能够在一段时间内适当评估“海港”现象的全面程度和深度，有必要确定这些子系统及其对住区发展的影响。优先计划的优势不仅在于其从冰岛一直延伸到爱琴海的广阔研究区域，而且还在于其涵盖几个时代的年代深度，以及其研究项目的多样性，这导致了高度的跨学科合作。优先方案试图摆脱小规模分析的层面：相反，在总体比较分析中，它试图通过界定和分析与系统有关的组成部分，将港口理解为高度复杂的系统。只有这样，才能充分理解、比较分析港口，并将其解释为与系统有关的结构。除了建立标准化的术语并调查地形和港口建设方式所产生的相互影响外，分析首先集中于评估环境对历史发展的影响，并分析不同的经济区域和交通系统。这最终应该会导致随着时间的推移而产生文化演变的模型。

Harbours are the crucial link between land and sea; they were the corner stone of the economic infrastructure behind regional and supra-regional shipping and the transportation of people, goods and information in prehistoric and early historical times. They were, indeed, what first made it all possible. Given the progressive processes arising from the correlate "Ship and Harbour", harbours permit important insights into the history of technological development. Moreover, they are highly complex systems, in which ecological, logistical, economic, social, legal, military and religious sub-systems overlap and influence one another. In order to be able to properly evaluate the full extent and depth of the phenomenon "harbour" over the course of time, it is necessary to identify these sub-systems and their implications for the development of settlements. The strength of the Priority Programme not only lies in its geographically wide-spread study area, which stretches from Iceland to the Aegean, but also in its chronological depth, covering several epochs, and the diversity of its research projects, which results in a high degree of interdisciplinary cooperation. The Priority Programme tries to move away from the level of small-scale analyses: instead, in an overarching comparative analysis, it attempts to understand harbours as highly complex systems by defining and analysing their system-relevant components. This is the only way for harbours to be fully understood, comparatively analysed and interpreted as system-relevant structures. As well as establishing a standardised terminology and investigating the reciprocal effects exerted by the topography and the way harbours were constructed, the analysis concentrates above all on evaluating the influence of the environment on historical developments and analysing the various economic regions and traffic systems. This should finally result in the generation of models of cultural evolution over time.