EFRI-SEED: BUILD - Barriers, Understanding, Integration - Life Cycle Development

EFRI-SEED项目的目标是开发一个多方面的、基于动态生命周期的框架，量化建筑对环境的影响，并在多个尺度上帮助决策。为了实现这一目标，研究人员将确定使用生命周期评估(LCA)的障碍，并评估克服这些障碍的解决方案，并通过这样做，促进生命周期评估在A/E/C(建筑/工程/施工)社区的基础科学和最终适用性。这项拟议的研究将对美国境内的绿化建筑产生重大影响，因为该团队具有协同性质，包括与主要的绿色建筑组织建立合作伙伴关系，并通过开发拟议的LCA方法来解决绿色建筑的需求。将采取以任务为基础的方法。首先，LCA的障碍和可能的解决方案将通过与合作伙伴、成员、美国绿色建筑委员会(USGBC)和匹兹堡绿色建筑联盟(GBA)的调查和焦点小组来确定，并利用来自积极案例研究的信息。将根据已确定的障碍和可能的解决方案，开发一种多方面的、基于动态生命周期的高性能建筑方法。将开发一个场景构建图形界面“构建仪表板”。将使用一个具体的模拟案例研究--联合发电--来说明该框架的深度。将创建一种证据文化，以展示新开发的动态生命周期评价的应用将如何成功地克服各种障碍。该团队计划进行广泛的教育、外展和报道。合作伙伴案例研究将为动态生命周期评价提供实时数据，并举例说明建筑所需广度和深度的多层次和多角度：菲普斯生活大楼，目前正在设计的净零能源建筑(代表高层完整的建筑生命周期评价)；马斯卡罗可持续创新中心，绿色建筑(代表新的现有建筑)；以及卡内基梅隆大学的智能工作空间，已建立的结构(代表已有传感器系统和稳健数据的建筑)。热电联产系统也是本提案的重点，所开发的模型将跨越建筑类型(代表工艺和材料选择以及建筑系统LCA)。PIS的教育和推广计划包括：将研究纳入本科和研究生课程；整合到现有的NSF REU网站；利用Co-Pi Landis的RET网站，将本科生和地区高中教师纳入拟议的研究。2010财年EFRI-SEED主题支持该项目，由美国国家科学基金会(NSF)工程(ENG)、数学和物理科学(MPS)和社会科学、行为和经济学(SBE)、计算机和信息科学与工程(Computer&amp；Information Science and Engineering)与美国能源部(DOE)和美国环境保护局(EPA)合作赞助。

The objective of this EFRI-SEED project is to develop a multi-faceted, dynamic life cycle based framework that quantifies the environmental impacts of buildings and aids in decision-making at multiple scales. In order to accomplish this objective, the researchers will determine the barriers to the use of life cycle assessment (LCA) and evaluate solutions to overcome these obstacles, and, in doing so, advance the fundamental science and ultimate applicability of LCA in the A/E/C (Architecture/Engineering/Construction) communities. The proposed research will have a significant impact on greening buildings within the US due to the synergistic nature of the team, which includes partnerships with major green building organizations, and addressing the needs of green buildings with the development of the proposed LCA method. A task-based approach will be pursued. First, barriers and possible solutions to LCA will be identified through surveys and focus groups with partners, members, the United States Green Building Council (USGBC) and Pittsburgh's Green Building Alliance (GBA), as well as leveraging information from active case studies. A multifaceted, dynamic life cycle-based method for high-performance buildings, based on the identified barriers and possible solutions will be developed. A scenario building graphic interface "the BUILD dashboard" will be developed. A specific simulation case study, cogeneration, will be used to illustrate the depth of the framework. A culture of evidence will be created in order to demonstrate how the application of the newly developed dynamic LCA will be successful in overcoming the various barriers.The team plans extensive education, outreach, and reporting. The partner case studies will provide real-time data to the dynamic LCA and exemplify multiple levels and perspectives of the breadth and depth required for buildings: Phipps Living Building, a net-zero energy building currently under design (representing a high-level, complete building LCA); the Mascaro Center for Sustainable Innovation, a green building (representing a new existing building); and Carnegie Mellon University's Intelligent Workspace, an established structure (representing a building with existing sensor system and robust data). Cogeneration systems are also a focus of this proposal and the developed models will cross the building types (representing process and material choices and building system LCA). The PIs' plan for education and outreach includes: incorporation of research into the undergraduate and graduate courses; integration in an existing NSF REU site; capitalizing on Co-PI Landis' RET site to incorporate undergraduates and area high school teachers into the proposed research.The FY 2010 EFRI-SEED Topic that supports this project was sponsored by the US National Science Foundation (NSF) Directorates for Engineering (ENG), Mathematical and Physical Sciences (MPS) and Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences (SBE), and Computer & Information Science and Engineering in collaboration with the US Department of Energy (DOE) and the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA).